Pseudodipteros
A type of the Greek temple is called pseudodipteros .
The pseudodipteros, like the dipteros, has a pillared hall two pillar yokes deep, peristasis , and it appears to the outside like a dipteros; but the inner columnar position of the peristasis is omitted. The result was a very spacious hall which, according to Vitruvius (3, 3, 8–9), allowed a large crowd to be in the building and in the ring hall.
Vitruvius (3, 3, 8) writes the invention of the pseudodipteros to the in the 2nd century BC. Acting architect Hermogenes too. But in Messa on Lesbos and in Chryse in the Troas ( Temple of Apollo Smintheus ) there are two pseudodipteroi that could have originated at the latest during Hermogenes' lifetime, if not even older. The most famous example of the temple type, however, is the temple for Artemis Leukophryne in magnesia on the meander , which Hermogenes designed and built. The beginning of the 2nd century BC The Ionic building, which originated in BC, had 8 × 15 columns, the central front bays were extended. This reflects an echo of archaic Dipteroi , which mostly also had an enlarged central yoke. In the pronaos of this temple, too , the outer column reduction returns. Only the pillars absolutely necessary for the roofing were integrated there, every second pillar was removed. Another example of the temple type is the Hecateion in Lagina from the late 2nd century BC. BC, which was the only pseudodipteros without an opisthodom and with its 8 × 11 columns it is very squat proportions.
literature
- Thekla Schulz (Ed.): Dipteros and Pseudodipteros. Architectural history and archaeological research (international conference November 13-15, 2009 at the University of Regensburg). BYZAS 12. Ege Yayinlari, Istanbul 2012, ISBN 978-605-5607-74-6 .
- Wolfram Hoepfner , Ernst-Ludwig Schwandner (ed.): Hermogenes and the high-Hellenistic architecture. International colloquium in Berlin from July 28 to 29, 1988 as part of the XIII. International Congress of Classical Archeology. Mainz 1990, ISBN 3-8053-1122-2 , p. 2 ff. P. 30 ff.
- Gottfried Gruben : The temples of the Greeks . Hirmer, Munich 2001 (5th edition), ISBN 3-777-48460-1
- Heiner Knell : Architecture of the Greeks: Basic features . Knowledge Buchges., Darmstadt 1988, ISBN 3-534-80028-1
- Wolfgang Müller-Wiener : Greek construction in antiquity . CH Beck, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-406-32993-4