Gottfried Gruben

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gottfried Gruben (born June 21, 1929 in Genoa ; † November 24, 2003 in Bavaria) was a German building researcher .

Life

Gruben first studied classical philology and archeology at the University of Frankfurt am Main from 1949 , then from 1951 architecture at the Technical University of Munich . Here he completed his diploma in 1956 and specialized in ancient building history under Friedrich Krauss , at the same time Ernst Buschor , who until 1959 was professor of classical archeology in Munich and until 1961 head of the excavations in Heraion of Samos , introduced him to the world of art and thought of archaic art a.

After graduating, he worked as a freelance architect for a short time, and in 1958 he took up a position as a building researcher at the German Archaeological Institute in Athens . There he was initially entrusted with the construction and research of the Dipylon as part of the German Kerameikos excavation, but also researched on Samos, on Aegina and in Megara . In 1960 Gruben received his doctorate with a thesis on the marble capitals of the archaic Dipterus in the Heraion of Samos - a work for which he received a travel grant from the German Archaeological Institute in the same year . He then continued his work in Athens until he accepted a call from the Technical University of Munich in 1966. From 1966 until his retirement in 1994, Gruben was a full professor for building history, building form theory and the recording of buildings in Munich.

His research area was the architecture of Greece's archaic period , in particular the Ionic architecture on the Cyclades and Samos , with his investigations on the Didymaion and the Artemision of Sardis but also on Asia Minor . It was particularly important to him to understand building history as part of cultural and intellectual history and to deepen the understanding of ancient culture from the results of purely technical building recordings. In this way he was one of the first to discover the peculiarities of Cycladic architecture, its peculiarities due to the building material marble and its position in the context of Greek architecture and Greek temple construction . His book The Temples of the Greeks , first published in 1966, is considered a standard work.

At the same time, his understanding of building research, which was successfully transferred to other cultural epochs, had a fruitful effect on the preservation of monuments not only in the Mediterranean region, but also in Germany. Gruben brought numerous architecture students to specialize in the field of building research. His students include a. Hansgeorg Bankel , Lothar Haselberger , Klaus Herrmann , Hermann J. Kienast , Wolf Koenigs , Manolis Korres , Gert Mader , Dieter Mertens , Aenne Ohnesorg , Manfred Schuller , Thekla Schulz , Ernst-Ludwig Schwandner , Sebastian Storz , Berthold F. Weber and Wolfgang W. Wurster .

He suffered a collapse during an excavation on Samos in September 2003, from which he could not recover.

Fonts (selection)

  • The south hall . In: Communications from the German Archaeological Institute, Athenian Department 72, 1957, pp. 52–64.
  • The capitals of the Temple of Hera on Samos . Munich 1960 (short print of the dissertation).
  • with Helmut Berve and Max Hirmer : Greek temples and sanctuaries . Munich, Hirmer 1961.
  • Observations on the Temple of Artemis at Sardis . In: Communications of the German Archaeological Institute, Athenian Department 76, 1961, pp. 155–196.
  • The archaic Didymaion . In: Yearbook of the German Archaeological Institute 78, 1963, pp. 78–177.
  • The source house of Megara . In: Archaiologikon Deltion 1964.
  • The temples of the Greeks . Hirmer, Munich 1966.
    • 4th edition Hirmer, Munich 1986, ISBN 3-7774-4400-6 .
    • 5th completely revised and enlarged edition under the title Greek Temples and Sanctuaries . Hirmer, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-7774-8460-1 .
  • with Wolf Koenigs : The "Hekatompedos" from Naxos . In: Archäologischer Anzeiger 1968, pp. 693–717.
  • Investigations on Dipylon 1964-66 (from Athens). In: Archäologischer Anzeiger 1969, pp. 31–40.
  • with Wolf Koenigs: The "Hekatompedos" of Naxos and the castle temple of Paros . In: Archäologischer Anzeiger 1970, pp. 135–153.
  • Naxos and Paros. 3rd preliminary report . In: Archäologischer Anzeiger 1972, pp. 319–379.
  • Naxos and Paros. 4th preliminary report . In: Archäologischer Anzeiger 1982, Part I: pp. 159–229, Part II: pp. 621–689.
  • Wide-span marble ceilings in Greek architecture . In: Architectura 1985, pp. 105-116.
  • with Vassilis Lambrinoudakis u. a .: The newly discovered sanctuary of Iria on Naxos . In: Archäologischer Anzeiger 1987, pp. 569–621.
  • The development of marble architecture on Naxos and the newly discovered Dionysus sanctuary in Iria . In: Nürnberger Blätter zur Archäologie 8, 1991/92, pp. 41–51.
  • Greek dis orders . In: Ernst-Ludwig Schwandner (Ed.): Column and entablature. Discussions on Archaeological Building Research Vol. 6, Zabern, Mainz 1996, pp. 61–77.
  • Classic building research . In: Adolf Borbein , Tonio Hölscher , Paul Zanker (eds.): Classical archeology . Reimer, Berlin 2000, pp. 251-279 ( digitized version ).
  • Classic building research . Hirmer, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-7774-3085-0 (p. 302ff. List of publications by Gottfried Gruben).
  • The polycratic temple in the Heraion of Samos . Edited and prepared for printing by Hermann J. Kienast . Reichert, Wiesbaden 2014, ISBN 978-3-95490-041-1 .
  • with Klaus Müller: The Dipylon (Kerameikos. Results of the excavations, Vol. 22). Reichert, Wiesbaden 2018, ISBN 978-3-95490-306-1 .

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Gruben, Gottfried
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German building researcher
DATE OF BIRTH June 21, 1929
PLACE OF BIRTH Genoa
DATE OF DEATH November 24, 2003
Place of death Bavaria