Brown coniferous forest spanner
| Brown coniferous forest spanner | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brown coniferous forest spanner ( Pungeleria capreolaria ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pungeleria capreolaria | ||||||||||||
| ( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775) |
The brown coniferous forest spanner ( Pungeleria capreolaria ), also known as the fir-dust ribbon spanner , is a butterfly ( moth ) from the spanner family (Geometridae).
features
butterfly
The wingspan of the moth is 30 to 38 millimeters. Their basic color ranges from gray to brown-gray to yellow-gray. They show a darkened middle field on the forewings, which narrows from the middle to the front edge and is delimited by blackish transverse lines. A black discal spot can also be seen. A broad, dark division line in the wing tip is typical of the species . The hind wings are lighter colored and show an indistinct transverse line.
Caterpillar
The caterpillars have green and white longitudinal stripes, which on pine needles lead to an almost perfect camouflage.
Similar species
There is a certain similarity to the powder tensioner ( Plagodis pulveraria ), which however lacks the graduation line in the forewing tip.
Geographical distribution and occurrence
The brown coniferous forest spanner occurs in the mountains of southern Europe, the Balkans and the Caucasus , but is absent from the British Isles and Fennoscandinavia . In the Alps it rises to 1,800 meters. The species can be found in fir, mixed and spruce forests.
Way of life
The moths fly in one generation from mid-June to early September. They rest during the day mostly on tree trunks, but fly sometimes in the forest or on forest edges and were also in the food intake of heather ( Calluna vulgaris observed). They can be attracted by artificial light at night . The caterpillars feed on Norway spruce ( Picea abies ) or silver fir ( Abies alba ). The caterpillars overwinter.
Danger
The brown coniferous forest spanner is listed as not endangered on the red list of endangered species .
Systematics
In older literature, Puengeleria is sometimes used as a generic name . Frédéric de Rougemont , who described the genus, gave the name in honor of Rudolf Püngeler , but called the genus Pungeleria .
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 9. Moths VII. Geometridae 2nd part . 1st edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3279-6 .
- ↑ Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 5: Spanner. (Geometridae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-04951-5 .
- ↑ Manfred Koch , Wolfgang Heinicke, Bernd Müller: We determine butterflies. Volume 4: Spanner. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Neumann, Leipzig / Radebeul 1976, DNB 780451570 .
- ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany . Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89624-110-9 .
literature
- Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 9. Moths VII. Geometridae 2nd part . 1st edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3279-6 .
Web links
- Lepiforum e. V. Taxonomy and Photos
- www.schmetterlinge-deutschlands.de Endangerment
- Pungeleria capreolaria at Fauna Europaea