Alpine sun rose cube thick-headed butterfly
| Alpine Sunflower Cube Dickkopf | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pyrgus warrenensis | ||||||||||||
| ( Verity , 1928) |
The Alpine Rockrose Cube stubborn ( Pyrgus warrenensis ) or Warren riodinidae is a butterfly from the family of Skipper (Hesperiidae). The specific epithet in the scientific name honors the Irish entomologist BCS Warren (1887–1979).
features
The fore wing length of the male moth is ten to 13 millimeters. In contrast to the similar species, the black-brown cube thick-headed butterfly , the front wings are narrower and more pointed. There are fewer white spots on it. The underside of the hind wings is washed out light gray and the central band is reduced.
The egg is rounded and flattened at both ends. The surface has about 15 strong, somewhat irregular longitudinal ribs. It is initially light yellow, then turns slightly reddish shortly before the egg caterpillar hatches.
The caterpillar is usually a bit stocky, brownish in color and has a black head. It is moderately hairy. Like the caterpillar of Pyrgus andromedae, it has a well-developed, black and sclerotized anal shield.
The back of the doll has a strong light bluish frosting. A black dot pattern is clearly visible in spite of the tires, as is a black longitudinal line on the back of the thorax. In contrast, it is hardly frosted on the ventral side and shows a gray to gray-brown basic color here.
Geographical occurrence and habitat
The Alpine Sunflower Cube Dickkopf can be found in the Central and Eastern Alps on sunny, low-growing, alpine mats from 1700 to 2700 meters above sea level. The prerequisite, however, is the occurrence of the host plant Alpine sunflower ( Helianthemum alpestre ).
Way of life
The species has a two year development cycle. The moths fly in July and lay their eggs on the host plant. The moths were observed sucking nectar on thyme ( Thymus ) sp., Alpine aster ( Aster alpinus ), Alpine horn clover ( Lotus alpinus ), clover ( Trifolium ) and house lice ( Sempervivum ). The caterpillar hatches in the same year and hibernates as an L1 caterpillar. It developed slowly in the following year. The penultimate caterpillar instar then overwinters a second time. In total, the caterpillar sheds its skin five times. The wintering takes place in a housing that the caterpillar makes from earth, moss, dry and living leaves of the food plant. The caterpillar only feeds on Alpine Sunflower ( Helianthemum alpestre ). Under breeding conditions, the entire development from egg to butterfly took place in three months.
Danger
The butterfly is only endangered locally in Central Europe.
swell
literature
- Lionel G. Higgins, Norman D. Riley: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa . 1st edition. Paul Parey, Hamburg / Berlin 1978, ISBN 3-490-01918-0 .
- Wolfgang Wagner: The genus Pyrgus in Central Europe and its ecology - larval habitats, nutrient plants and development cycles . - In: T. Fartmann & G. Hermann (Eds.): Larval ecology of butterflies and rams in Central Europe. Treatises from the Westphalian Museum of Natural History, 68 (3/4): 83–122, Münster 2006 PDF; 4.1 MB .
- Tom Tolman, Richard Lewington: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07573-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Pyrgus warrenensis (Alpen-Sonnenröschen-Würfeldickkopf). Retrieved December 12, 2009 .
- ^ Pyrgus warrenensis (Alpen-Sonnenröschen-Würfeldickkopf). (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved December 12, 2009 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ A b Lionel G. Higgins, Norman D. Riley: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa . 1st edition. Paul Parey, Hamburg / Berlin 1978, ISBN 3-490-01918-0 , pp. 277 .
- ^ A b Wolfgang Wagner: The genus Pyrgus in Central Europe and its ecology - larval habitats, nutrient plants and development cycles . - In: T. Fartmann & G. Hermann (Eds.): Larval ecology of butterflies and rams in Central Europe. Treatises from the Westphalian Museum of Natural History, 68 (3/4): 83–122, Münster 2006
Web links
- Species portrait on pyrgus.de
- Lepiforum e. V. Taxonomy and Photos
- Pyrgus warrenensis in Fauna Europaea
- Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa (English)
- Pyrgus warrenensis inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . 2. Posted by: van Swaay, C., Wynhoff, I., Verovnik, R., Wiemers, M., López Munguira, M., Maes, D., Sasic, M., Verstrael, T., Warren, M. & Settele, J., 2009. Retrieved January 21, 2014.