Qazhyghumar Shabdanuly

Qazhyghumar Shabdanuly ( Kazakh : Қажығұмар Шабданұлы, Russian : Кажигумар Шабданулы) (* 1925 in Kazakhstan , Soviet Union ; † February 15, 2011 in Tacheng ) was a Kazakh political activist who wrote works in Kazakhstan and was an author. Shabdanuly was imprisoned by the People's Republic of China for his political views for over forty years .

Life

Shabdanuly was born in 1925 in the village of Tansyq in East Kazakhstan in what was then the Soviet Union. Soon after, the family fled to Xinjiang due to a famine in 1932/1933 . Shabdanuly's problems with Chinese law began during the Three Districts Revolution of 1944. During the Cultural Revolution , Shabdanuly participated in a nationalist Kyrgyz-Kazakh society. In 1958 he was sentenced to 22 years for political activities by both the "left wing" and the "ultra right" and imprisoned. At that time he was serving full-time in camps in the Tarim Basin in the Taklamakan Desert . Shabdanuly was released in 1980 and published the first volume of his masterpiece Qylmys (Crime) in 1982 in Ürümqi . The second volume was printed in 1985. The third and fourth volumes were already scheduled for printing when Shabdanuly was arrested again. This time he was charged with running a Kazakh separatist organization and providing information to Kazakhstan. Shabdanuly was sentenced to thirteen years and was again in Urumqi Prison.

Works

The first independent edition of Shabdanuly's historical novel Pana was published in Kazakhstan in 2005. Shabdanuly's original Arabic script was transcribed into Cyrillic by Qabdesh Jumadilov. The first full six-volume edition of Qylmys was published in Almaty in 2009 . In January 2010 she was nominated for the Kazakh State Prize for Literature. The nominator presented Qylmys as "a book on the colonization of the Kazakh territories that gives a clear picture of what Kazakhs went through under imperial pressure from China and the Soviet Union". The government commissioners have blocked the proposal and removed the book from the nomination list.

Current

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Shabdanuly has been under house arrest in Chuguchak since July 2010. (Status 2010) Kazakh nationalist organizations advised President Nursultan Nazarbayev to demand full freedom for Shabdanuly, but limited efforts on the part of the government were unsuccessful. According to Shabdanuly's daughter Jaynar, who lives in Almaty and is a Kazakh citizen, the Chinese government has consistently refused to let Shabdanuly leave the country. He has five grown children, four of whom live in China. According to Jaynar, her mother and siblings are able to travel to Kazakhstan and back to China.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Книга 84-летнего казахского писателя дошла до родины, самого автора Китай не отпускает Radio Europe on November 25, 2009, accessed November 25, 2009.
2. ↑ ^{a b} Писатель Кажыгумар Шабданулы стал легендой, просидев полвека в китайских тюрьмах Radio Free Europe , March 22, 2010, accessed on November 13, 2010.
3. ↑ Almaty hosts presentation of a book by Kazakh writer from China. Kazinform , accessed November 18. 2017.
4. ↑ Ethnic Kazakh Writer In China Nominated For Prize In Kazakhstan [Iran Book News Agency] , January 28, 2010, accessed November 18, 2017.
5. ↑ Ethnic Kazakh Writer In China Nominated For Prize In Kazakhstan Radio Free Europe January 27, 2010, accessed November 18, 2017.
6. ↑ ^{a b} The writer Kazhygumar Shabdanuly became a legend after spending half a century in Chinese prisons [Radio Free Europe] , March 22, 2010, accessed November 18, 2017.