Lateral entry (teaching post)

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The lateral entry (or without uniform use) side entry designated in Germany starting a career in the school teaching without teaching qualifications through the teacher training . The background to this is that there are not enough trained teachers available in a number of types of school ( elementary school , vocational school , special school ) and subjects, especially mathematics, natural sciences, art and music. For example, in the subject of computer science, university graduates with several years of practical experience in the IT field without a teaching degree can start directly in the preparatory service or directly into the teaching profession without a legal clerkship. The salary classification is an important problem under labor law.

Needs

In the meantime, due to previous training restrictions in some countries, the majority of new hires are lateral entrants. In Germany, a total of 4,367 lateral and lateral entrants were hired in the 2017/18 school year: that was 12.7% of the new hires. The differences between countries are considerable. Bavaria and Hesse have not yet hired any lateral entrants, Hamburg almost none; Berlin and Saxony, on the other hand, occupy over 40% of all positions with lateral entrants, Brandenburg and Bremen over 20%. A university degree is no longer mandatory in Berlin. Bavaria and Hesse are also planning broader special measures for qualification in the future. In Bavaria there has been a trainee program for a long time, with which graduated physicists, graduated mathematicians and graduated engineers (Univ.) In the fields of mechanical engineering and electrical engineering were trained in a two-year program to become teachers at vocational high schools in lateral entry.

School law and implementation

Due to the educational sovereignty of the federal states, the employment requirements for lateral entry are regulated differently in each federal state. Examples:

  • With the Lower Saxony Career Ordinance (NLVO) - Education, which came into force on June 1, 2010, lateral entrants to the teaching profession according to § 8 in conjunction with § 13 paragraph 1 up to the age of 45 can be directly (usually initially on a trial basis) ) are civil servants.
  • The state of North Rhine-Westphalia regulates side entry through OBAS.

One form of lateral entry takes applicants into the traineeship under the same conditions as career applicants. The respective university examination (diploma or master’s) is thus equated with the state examination / master’s degree in teaching. The second state examination is taken under the same conditions and qualifies to the same extent as for career applicants. The same development opportunities and opportunities to change to other countries are open since the career qualification has been acquired.

In the second form, one initially works as a salaried teacher for two to three years with part-time pedagogical qualification with a reduced number of hours and often a full salary. A civil service is partly not possible, partly after a further probation period as an employee. The opportunities for advancement are partially limited. Moving to other federal states is more difficult due to the lack of career qualification.

Applicants have to weigh up whether the (almost) full remuneration can compensate for the disadvantages right from the start. Applicants with only one subject (“non-compliant”) pose a problem, as they do not receive the same salary as applicants with two subjects. This is often the case with musicians.

Literature (selection)

  • Marc Böhmann: The lateral entry book: How to get started in the teaching profession , Beltz, 2nd edition, 2020 ISBN 978-3407258342
  • Klaus Klemm : Lateral and lateral entrants ̲innen at schools in the 16 federal states. An attempt at an overview , Berlin 2019

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ tagesschau.de: More career changers, disadvantages for students? Retrieved June 29, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Even teachers without a high school diploma now teach Berlin's students. Retrieved June 29, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Special measures for acquiring a teaching qualification. KM Bayern, accessed on June 30, 2020 .
  4. ↑ lateral entry | Hessian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 30, 2020 .
  5. ↑ See e.g. B. Jan Lamprecht: Training paths and components of professional action competence , Berlin 2011 p. 108.
  6. ↑ lateral entry. Retrieved July 15, 2020 .
  7. ^ MSB NRW: Extra-occupational preparatory service (OBAS). Retrieved June 30, 2020 .
  8. ↑ MSB NRW: Side entry. Retrieved June 30, 2020 .
  9. ↑ Jennifer Garic: Lateral entry teacher: What are the chances? All information & tips . In: THE WORLD . June 18, 2020 ( welt.de [accessed June 29, 2020]).
  10. ^ Klaus Klemm: Lateral and lateral entrants at schools in the 16 federal states. 2019, accessed June 30, 2020 .