Computer science class

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In computer science lessons, students learn the basics of information technology (IT), electronic data processing (EDP) and the proper use of computers .

Course content

Dealing with EDP today is not just general professional preparation or general study preparation, but general education ( e-readiness ).

The basis of the computer science course is the introduction to the essential terms and methods of computer science, the technical and theoretical IT fundamentals ( hardware and software ), and the basic principles of machines , algorithms and programs ( practical computer science ). The historical component of the computer science class covers the history of data processing and computer systems.

The first learning objective is the "safe use of standard software for written correspondence". Central concerns are the introduction to the legal basis in connection with data security , data protection and copyright , a special focus is placed on the ethical aspect of EDP use ( information ethics ). The students are made aware of the opportunities, especially the dangers and risks, of using the Internet and generally networked computer systems , especially in the beginning lessons . In addition, the targeted handling of the flood of information generated by the electronic media is taught ( information management ), for example through the use of search engines and other database systems. The curriculum also includes the quality criteria of valuable learning software and the basics of e-learning , and other aspects of media literacy . In addition, general aspects of the effects of information technology on individuals and society are developed.

In the broad course of lectures, students learn computer independently to use ( Applied computer science ,) even programs with object-oriented programming languages such as Visual Basic , Scratch , Java , Object Pascal or prawns or integrated development environments such as BlueJ and Greenfoot to write or websites with HTML to create. Dealing with the web and electronic media is taught using blended learning methods .

Computer science lessons in the subject canon

Germany

Computer science lessons in the federal states

In Germany, computer science is not taught in all federal states. The following table shows in which federal states and at which school level computer science is taught:

state Secondary level I. Secondary level II More schools
Baden-Württemberg
  • Advanced course in computer science in grade 7, 1-hour compulsory subject (joint education plan secondary level I), introduction from the school year 2018/2019.
  • Advanced course in computer science in grade 7, 1-hour compulsory subject (high school)
  • Computer science as an optional subject (1 hour, grades 8-10) at Werkrealschulen / Hauptschulen and Realschulen. Introduction from the school year 2018/2019
  • Profile subject computer science, mathematics, physics (IMP) with designated periods of computer science in grades 8–10 (grammar school) and 8–11 (community school). Introduction from the school year 2018/2019.
  • Computer science in upper secondary school
  • Informatics AG
At the vocational high schools, computer science is taught for two hours in the entry class (grade 11). At the technical high school with the profile information technology it is a 6-hour subject in the entrance class and grades 1 and 2 (grades 11 to 13).
Bavaria
  • Computer science is taught as a 1-hour compulsory subject in grades 6 and 7 in the nature and technology department (grammar school).
  • In grades 9 and 10, computer science is taught in the scientific-technological branch for two hours, in the upper level it can be chosen in the elective area with the subjects of software development, formal languages, processes and machine programming. With the reintroduction of the G9, from the school year 2023/24, another year will be added in grade 11, in which computer science is a compulsory subject for all branches of education.
Berlin
  • Computer science as an elective subject in grades 7–10 (framework curriculum for Berlin and Brandenburg)
  • Framework curriculum for upper secondary school
Brandenburg
  • Computer science as an elective subject in grades 7–10 (framework curriculum for Berlin and Brandenburg)
  • Framework curriculum for upper secondary school
Bremen
  • Education plan for upper secondary school
  • For the vocational grammar school, the vocational school, the vocational high school and technical college, new framework plans are currently (as of September 2017) being drawn up.
Hamburg
  • Education plan for the district school (grades 7-11)
  • Education plan for the grammar school of lower secondary level
  • Education plan for the upper school level
Hesse
  • There are no IT lessons in the Hauptschule and Realschule.
  • There is a curriculum for upper secondary school and for grades 11–13.
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
  • There is a framework curriculum for basic IT education in grades 5–6.
  • For the grammar school and the comprehensive school there is a framework plan for the 7-10 grades.
  • For the regional school and the comprehensive school there is a framework plan for the 7-10 grades.
  • For the upper secondary school there is a core curriculum for computer science.
  • For the vocational school or the technical high school there is a framework plan for the subject data processing and computer science.
Lower Saxony
  • A core curriculum for computer science has been published for all types of schools in lower secondary level.
  • Computer science will be introduced at the upper secondary level in 2018. A core curriculum has already been drawn up.
North Rhine-Westphalia
  • There is a separate curriculum for the subject of computer science for the Hauptschule.
  • In the comprehensive school there is a core curriculum for the compulsory elective subject computer science.
  • For the Realschule there is a separate core curriculum for the compulsory elective subject computer science.
  • There is a core curriculum for the subject of computer science for the grammar school and comprehensive school.
Rhineland-Palatinate
  • Elective and compulsory elective computer science at grammar schools and integrated comprehensive schools according to the curriculum
  • Basic subject computer science and advanced subject computer science according to the curriculum
Saarland
Saxony
  • Compulsory subject at general education special schools
  • Compulsory subject in the Hauptschule and Realschule courses according to the Oberschule curriculum
  • Compulsory subject according to the grammar school curriculum
  • Basic course in computer science according to the high school curriculum
  • Vocational high school according to the curriculum
  • Technical college according to the curriculum
Saxony-Anhalt
Schleswig-Holstein
Thuringia
  • Computer science is a compulsory elective subject in Realschule and Hauptschule.
  • In the grammar school, computer science is a compulsory elective subject for the pupils.
  • Computer science can be chosen as a compulsory elective in the upper school level.
  • At the vocational high school, computer science can be chosen as a compulsory elective.

Standards for IT teaching in Germany

With the principles and standards for computer science in schools in 2008, a working group of the Society for Computer Science comprehensively described the competences students should acquire in computer science in lower secondary level.

The standards for the upper secondary level followed in 2016. In 2019, the standards for the primary level completed the principles for all grades.

Possible subjects in the subject of computer science are shown using the example of the guidelines and curricula or the requirements for the central high school diploma of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Other federal states have similar requirements.

Primary education

Competence-oriented information for the contents and methods of computer science, which can be assigned to general education and which can already be made accessible to children. At the moment the development is strongly oriented towards the phenomenon area_3 of the phenomenon-oriented computer science didactics, so that the principles of computer science can be experienced; Connection to everyday life experiences of the children.

Secondary school
Secondary level II

In 2016, the Society for Computer Science adopted recommendations for standards for general upper secondary education.

Austria

In Austria, computer science instruction is a compulsory subject in the 5th grade (9th grade) at the AHS like secondary schools , at AHS also a further elective subject , in BHS and BMS compulsory subject (subjects word processing - TXV and business informatics - WINF).

Often there are other regulations independently of the school (e.g. computer science as a compulsory subject in 3rd grade AHS - 7th grade), the introduction of a compulsory computer science subject in lower secondary level is discussed.

Computer science lessons have been given in Austria since 1985.

Switzerland

With the introduction of curriculum 21 , the curriculum was harmonized in 21 cantons of German-speaking Switzerland . The curriculum for the “Media and Computer Science” module describes the development of competencies in the Media and Computer Science department for kindergarten , primary school and lower secondary level . The modular curriculum leaves it up to the cantons whether the competencies are acquired in various different subject areas (e.g. in mathematics lessons) or in a separate “Media and IT” class. Most cantons have opted for a separate vessel for at least lower secondary level.

On October 27, 2017, the plenary assembly of the EDK decided to introduce computer science as a compulsory subject at grammar school. The cantons now have a transition period to implement this decision at their grammar schools.

Teaching materials

Common textbooks are the titles of the computer science textbook series in five volumes from Ernst Klett Verlag , with volumes 4 and 5 being coordinated with the material distribution plans for computer science lessons in upper school. The Oldenbourg Schulbuchverlag offers another comprehensive textbook with editions for Bavaria as well as Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The CC Buchner Verlag also published two textbooks called Informatik, which are tailored to the (German) grades 9 and 10 of the G8 . In Cornelsen published textbooks of the series Practical computer science, specifically to work with the programming languages Java or Delphi is matched, and the volumes of computer science from grade 7 and computer science from Grade 9 for the secondary level I. The Schöningh has a textbook for secondary schools (Software development with Greenfoot and BlueJ), another volume on modeling, data structures and algorithms was published in July 2012.

The journal LOG IN has been published since 1981 with articles on computer science teaching and computer science education and reports on current developments in computer science education via Twitter.

education

Austria

Despite the long history of computer science teaching, training to become a computer science teacher has only been established since 2000 and the course in computer science and computer science management is possible at the following universities:

See also

literature

  • Rüdeger Baumann: Didactics of Computer Science. 2nd edition Klett Verlag, Stuttgart / Munich 1996. (1st edition 1990)
  • Gerhard Brandhofer, Gerald Futschek, Peter Micheuz, Anton Reiter, Karl Schoder (eds.): 25 years of school IT in Austria. Future with origins OCG, Vienna 2010.
  • Karl Josef Fuchs: Didactics of Computer Science: The Logic of Fundamental Ideas. In: Schulpraxis, Heft 4 + 5, 1994, pp. 42–45.
  • Karl Josef Fuchs: Methodology and Didactics of Computer Science Lessons. Script for lecture and exercise, University of Innsbruck, prepared by Cornelia Lederle, 2002.
  • Jens Gallenbacher: The IT adventure: IT you can touch - from route planners to online banking. 2nd edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag 2008.
  • Peter Hubwieser: Didactics of Computer Science. 3. revised and exp. Edition, Springer Verlag Berlin / Heidelberg 2007. (1st edition 2000)
  • Clemens Hüffel, Anton Reiter (ed.): Practice of EDP / IT. A handbook for teachers. Youth and People, Vienna 1996.
  • Ludger Humbert: Didactics of computer science, with tried and tested teaching material. Teubner-Verlag, 2nd revised. u. exp. Edition 2006.
  • Peter Micheuz: Introduction to computer science subject didactics. Springer, Heidelberg / Berlin 2001.
  • Peter Micheuz: IT education in secondary level I. 2003 (also: Innovative Concepts for Teaching Informatics (ISSEP) In: CDA special edition 12/2005 of the CDA publishing house ).
  • Peter Micheuz (ed.): Standards in school informatics. In: CD Austria special edition 5/2004, BMBWK
  • Anton Reiter, Albert Rieder (Ed.): Didactics of Computer Science. Information and communication technology basic education. Youth and People, Vienna 1990.
  • Anton Reiter, Gerhard Scheidl, Heinz Strohmer, Lydia Tittler, Martin Weißenböck (eds.): Schulinformatik in Österreich. Experiences and examples from lessons. Ueberreuter Verlag, Vienna 2003.
  • Sigrid Schubert, Andreas Schwill: Didactics of computer science - textbook. 2. to 5 chap. exp. Edition, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag 2011. (1st edition 2004)
  • Horst Völz : That is information. Shaker Verlag, Aachen 2017. ISBN 978-3-8440-5587-0 .
  • Horst Völz : How we got to know. Not everything is information. Shaker Verlag, Aachen 2018. ISBN 978-3-8440-5865-9 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Lit. Micheuz 2001, quoted from Why Computer Science Lessons? (PDF; 31 kB) schulinformatik.at, accessed on January 10, 2010 .
  2. Quote BMUKK Medienpool (Ed.): Informatik. Educational and teaching task . S. 2 .
  3. Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sport: Informatics (advanced course informatics class 7). (No longer available online.) August 29, 2017, formerly in the original ; accessed on September 7, 2017 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.bildungsplaene-bw.de  
  4. Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sport: Informatics (advanced course informatics class 7). August 29, 2017. Retrieved September 7, 2017 .
  5. Computer Science. Retrieved September 7, 2017 .
  6. Computer Science. Retrieved September 7, 2017 .
  7. a b Computer Science Elective Subject. Retrieved September 7, 2017 .
  8. a b Framework curriculum for upper secondary school. Computer science. Retrieved September 7, 2017 .
  9. Computer Science. Education plan for upper secondary school. Qualification phase. Retrieved September 7, 2017 .
  10. ^ Education plan for the district school. Grades 7-11. Computer science elective subject. (No longer available online.) Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, archived from the original on September 7, 2017 ; accessed on September 7, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hamburg.de
  11. ^ High school education plan. Secondary level I. Computer science compulsory optional subject. (No longer available online.) Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, archived from the original on September 7, 2017 ; accessed on September 7, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hamburg.de
  12. Education plan for the upper school level. Computer science. Retrieved September 7, 2017 .
  13. Computer science curriculum. High school education. Hessian Ministry of Culture, accessed on September 7, 2017 .
  14. Computer science curriculum. High school education. Years 11 to 13 Hessian Ministry of Education, accessed on September 7, 2017 .
  15. Basic IT education. Retrieved September 7, 2017 .
  16. Framework. High school. Comprehensive school. Grades 7-10. In: Ministry of Education, Science and Culture. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Retrieved September 7, 2017 .
  17. Framework. Regional School. Associated secondary and secondary school. Secondary schools. Secondary school. Comprehensive school. Grades 7-10. Ministry of Education, Science and Culture. Retrieved September 7, 2017 .
  18. Core curriculum for the qualification phase of the upper school level. Computer science. Retrieved September 7, 2017 .
  19. Framework plan for the subject of data processing and computer science in grades 11 to 13 at the specialized high school. Ministry of Education, Science and Culture. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Retrieved on September 7, 2017 .
  20. Core curriculum for the school types of the lower secondary level I school years 5 - 10 Lower Saxony Ministry of Culture, accessed on September 7, 2017 .
  21. Core curricula for the gymnasium - gymnasiale Oberstufe, the comprehensive school - gymnasiale Oberstufe, the Kolleg. Computer science. Lower Saxony Ministry of Culture, accessed on September 7, 2017 .
  22. Core curriculum for the comprehensive school / secondary school in North Rhine-Westphalia. Computer science elective. Ministry for Schools and Further Education of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, accessed on September 7, 2017 .
  23. Core curriculum for the secondary school in North Rhine-Westphalia. Computer science elective. Ministry for Schools and Further Education of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia., Accessed on September 7, 2017 .
  24. Core curriculum for secondary level II. Gymnasium / comprehensive school in North Rhine-Westphalia. Computer science. Ministry for Schools and Further Education of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia., Accessed on September 7, 2017 .
  25. ^ A b Curriculum: Computer Science: Education Server Rhineland-Palatinate. Retrieved January 7, 2019 .
  26. The school's curriculum with a focus on learning. Computer science. Saxon State Ministry of Culture, 2019, accessed on February 4, 2020 .
  27. Secondary school curriculum. Computer science. Saxon State Ministry of Culture, 2019, accessed on February 4, 2020 .
  28. a b curriculum for grammar school. Computer science. Saxon State Ministry of Culture, 2019, accessed on February 4, 2020 .
  29. ^ Vocational high school curriculum. Computer science. Saxon State Ministry of Culture, 2019, accessed on February 4, 2020 .
  30. Technical college curriculum. Computer science. Saxon State Ministry of Culture, 2019, accessed on February 4, 2020 .
  31. Curriculum for acquiring the secondary school leaving certificate. Computer science elective. (No longer available online.) Thuringian Ministry for Education, Science and Culture., Formerly in the original ; accessed on September 7, 2017 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.schulportal-thueringen.de  
  32. a b Curriculum for the acquisition of the general university entrance qualification. Computer science. (No longer available online.) Thuringian Ministry for Education, Science and Culture., Formerly in the original ; Retrieved September 7, 2009 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.schulportal-thueringen.de  
  33. [1] Principles and standards for computer science in schools - Working group for educational standards of the technical committee for computer science education in schools (FA IBS) and the specialist group for computer science education (FG DDI) of the Gesellschaft für Informatik e. V. (GI)
  34. [2] Educational standards for computer science for secondary level 2
  35. https://www.informatikstandards.de/docs/v142_empfänger_kompetenzen-primarbereich_2019-01-31.pdf
  36. Guidelines and curricula for computer science for lower secondary level in North Rhine-Westphalia, Ritterbach Verlag 1993, issue 3424
  37. Guidelines and curricula for computer science for secondary level II in North Rhine-Westphalia, Ritterbach Verlag 1999, issue 4725
  38. Zentralabitur Informatik NRW ( Memento of the original from November 21, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.standardsicherung.nrw.de
  39. Curriculum for Computer Science 2010, Hessen  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.hessen.de  
  40. Guidelines and curricula for computer science
  41. ^ Peter Friebel: AHS curriculum. Status: school year 2009/10. (No longer available online.) Austrian Professors Union (ÖPU), archived from the original on June 3, 2008 ; Retrieved January 10, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.oepu-noe.at
  42. Computer Science. Educational and teaching task . In: BMUKK Medienpool (Ed.): AHS curriculum . ( PDF [accessed October 23, 2008]).
  43. Peter Micheuz: On the theory, practice and pragmatics of IT education at the AHS Austria. (No longer available online.) Alpen-Adria-Gymnasium Völkermarkt , Institute for Computer Systems / Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt , archived from the original on May 12, 2014 ; accessed in 2009 (educational research project). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ahs.schulinformatik.at
  44. Computer science lessons at the AHS . In: Peter Micheuz (Ed.): CD Austria . Special edition 3/2005. BMBWK, 2005.
  45. Gerhard Brandhofer: A subject "Digital media education and computer science" - a necessary condition for digital competence? In: R&D Source . 2014, ISSN  2313-1640 ( A subject “Digital media education and computer science” - necessary condition for digital competence? ).
  46. ^ Anton Reiter, Christian Berger (caricatures): 20 years of school IT in Austria and ICT use in the classroom . CDA Verlag , Perg 2005 ( pubshop.bmbf.gv.at ).
  47. Curriculum 21. Accessed September 7, 2017 .
  48. Curriculum21. Media and computer science. German-speaking Swiss Educational Directors Conference (D-EDK), February 29, 2016, accessed on September 7, 2017 .
  49. Swiss Education Directors Conference (EDK): Computer science at high school. October 27, 2018, accessed December 8, 2018 .
  50. ^ Karl Josef Fuchs: Schulinformatik, quo vadis? About the need for central guiding principles. In: Peter Micheutz (Ed.): CD Austria 10/2003, special issue of the BMBWK. ( PDF ).
  51. ↑ Teacher Training for Computer Science and Computer Science Management , Faculty for Technical Natural Sciences and Computer Science (TNI) of the Vienna University of Technology (with a link to the curriculum )