Róbert Bak

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Róbert Bak , also: Robert C. Bak (born October 14, 1908 in Budapest , † September 15, 1974 in New York City ) was a Hungarian-American psychoanalyst .

Life

Róbert Bak was the third son of a wealthy Jewish family. He studied medicine at the University of Budapest until 1933 and was trained in psychoanalysis by Imre Hermann (1899–1984), to whom he remained connected throughout his life. After graduating, he worked in the Lipótmező State Asylum (Országos Pszichiátriai és Neurológiai Intézet) and at the Psychiatric and Mental Clinic of the University of Budapest. According to the state of research at the time, he dealt with insulin shock therapy and with the cardiazole cramp therapy developed by Ladislas J. Meduna in Budapest.

At the end of 1936, the poet and communist Attila József became his analysand after Edit Gyömrői's therapy was broken off. Bak suggested a cure in a sanatorium. József committed in late 1937 suicide . Over the years Bak wrote a number of scientific articles about the poet's illness, the last one being in 1973. At the International Psychoanalytic Congress in Paris on August 1, 1938, he gave a lecture in which he derived "the trauma of birth from the drop in temperature at birth", which Otto Fenichel called "nonsense". Growing anti-Semitism under the authoritarian Hungarian regime of Miklós Horthy resulted in Bak being forced to do forced labor on railroad construction work in Transylvania, which was reclaimed from Hungary , in 1940 and led him to flee to the United States in 1941 , where he arrived on June 7, 1941.

In New York he worked as a psychiatrist and psychoanalyst. From 1947 he was a training analyst and became an important figure at the New York Psychoanalytical Institute , where he gave lectures. From 1957 to 1959 he was President of the New York Psychoanalytical Society, of which he had become a member in 1943. He also taught as a visiting professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine . His colleagues included Phyllis Greenacre , Edith Jacobson and Margaret Mahler , and his work was also influenced by Heinz Hartmann . He visited his teacher Imre Hermann in 1969 for his 80th birthday in Hungary. His list of publications includes 25 works that he wrote in Hungarian, German or English, five of them on the subject of Attila Jozsef.

Fonts

  • On the question of the mechanism of action of the cardiazole shock treatment . Nervenarzt 12 (1939), pp. 444-449.
  • T. Lehoczky, M. Eszenyi, B. Horányi-Hechst, Robert Bak: Catamnestic studies on the insulin shock and convulsion therapy of schizophrenia . Zschr. Neurol. Psychiatr. 166: 24-80 (1939).
  • Temperament orientation and overflowing the ego boundaries in schizophrenia . Swiss Archives for Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 46 (1941) pp. 158–177.
  • Fetishism . Journal of the American Psychoanalytical Association, 1-2 (1953) pp. 285-297.
  • Aggression and perversion . In: Sándor Lorand (Ed.), Perversions: psychodynamics and therapy . Random House, New York 1956, pp. 231-240.
  • The phallic woman: The ubiquitous fantasy , Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 23 (1968), pp. 16-36.
  • Being in love and object loss . International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 54 (1973) pp. 1-8.

literature

  • Paul Harmat: Freud, Ferenczi and the Hungarian Psychoanalysis Edition Diskord, Tübingen 1988, ISBN 3-89295-530-1 . Translation by: Harmat Pál: Freud, Ferenczi és a magyarországi pszichoanalísis. Európai Protestáns Magyar Szabadegyetem, Bern 1986, ISBN 3-85421-017-5 .
  • Uwe Henrik Peters : Psychiatry in exile: the emigration of dynamic psychiatry from Germany 1933–1939 , Kupka, Düsseldorf 1992, ISBN 3-926567-04-X .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see Róbert Bak and the Attila-József-Drama in: Paul Harmat: Freud, Ferenczi and the Hungarian Psychoanalysis , pp. 262–266
  2. ^ Otto Fenichel: 119 Rundbriefe (1934-1945) , Frankfurt / M .: Stroemfeld 1998 ISBN 3-87877-567-9 . P. 954
  3. ^ Judith Meszaros, The Emigration of the Budapest School and the Emergency Committee on Relief and Immigration [1]
  4. ↑ on New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute see English Wikipedia en: New York Psychoanalytic Society
personal data
SURNAME Bak, Róbert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bak, Robert C.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian-American psychoanalyst
DATE OF BIRTH October 14, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Budapest
DATE OF DEATH 15th September 1974
Place of death New York City