Roman bath near Kressbronn-Betznau
The Roman bath near Kressbronn-Betznau is a registered bath ruin that was discovered by Gerhard Bersu (1889–1964) during an excavation at the beginning of the 20th century .
After the stocks were registered, the entire area was then filled in again for cost reasons - there was no money for conservation.
In addition to sites in Jettenhausen and Unterlottenweiler, remnants of the walls were also found at Heiligenhof (formerly called "Heidenloch") above today's Kressbronn district of Betznau , which were excavated by Bersu in November 1913: a Roman ruin - a hypocaust that was isolated on all sides served a bath.
A well-preserved area of about 4.80 × 4.50 meters side length, with 40 cm thick outer walls, was occupied inside by mostly still upright, closely set, nine by eight sandstone pillars, about 60 cm high, primitively worked; they stood on lightly tamped ground and carried a brick top on which the 30 cm thick terrazzo floor of the room above lay. On the south side was the Schürkanal, clad by strong sandstone slabs, two meters long and 70 cm wide.
The space in front of it was 20 cm lower than the level of the pillar space. The superstructure of the building, the heating of which ends here, must have been made of wood thickly coated with mortar, as proven by numerous impressions and the insufficient stone wall surrounding the boiler room. Inside the room were some pottery shards, an openwork bronze hammer and many pieces of painted wall plaster.
The associated villa will have stood on the site of today's courtyard, where broken fragments and pieces of bricks were found in the surrounding fields.
history
In the middle of the 1st century, under Emperor Claudius, the Danube border was raised to a militarily fortified border with the construction of forts. Thus the Romans also needed, built and maintained roads. A few streets were enough, because the Roman area of today's Upper Swabia was only sparsely populated. The pile system of the Roman Schussen Bridge found during the Schussen regulation in 1906 near Eriskirch required appropriate connections: A Roman road on the northern shore of Lake Constance, which went from Bregenz via Lindau- Aeschach (foundations of a villa in today's "Roman Park") to Kressbronn and is pretty much the same as today Road covers. From here it probably ran between Langenargen and Oberdorf in the direction of Eriskirch and then probably again with today's road pretty much directly to Friedrichshafen .
In the 2nd century, when the Danube Limes had long advanced to the Upper Germanic Limes , colonists settled there and built their large villas, walled manors with individual buildings for arable farming or individual farmhouses in the middle of their assigned area.
literature
- Title: Description of the Oberamt Tettnang . Verlag von W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1915. Editor: 'Statistisches Landesamt, Stuttgart', 2nd edition. With the kind permission of W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart, Mrs. Reinhard; August 9, 2007
Coordinates: 47 ° 37 '17.3 " N , 9 ° 35' 53.6" E