Regimental form from 1663

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The regimental form of the Royal Swedish Pomeranian Government was enacted on July 17, 1663 as the constitution for Swedish Pomerania . In it the form and scope of the state administration were determined. The essential basis was the regimental constitution of 1634 enacted during the reign of the last Pomeranian Duke Bogislaw XIV . Supplemented by various decrees, the regimental form remained in force until 1806.

history

The Duchy of Pomerania , which was occupied by Sweden in the Thirty Years War from 1630 , was divided between Sweden and Brandenburg in the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 . As an imperial fief , the Swedish part of Pomerania continued to belong to the Holy Roman Empire and remained largely autonomous as a province in relation to the Swedish Empire. Swedish law did not apply in Pomerania, except for the military.

The Pomeranian estates were keen to preserve the privileges and rights they had acquired under the griffin dukes . After a delegation of the estates had traveled to Stockholm in 1649 , a furnishing commission was set up in Pomerania to negotiate with the estates. In addition to Governor General Carl Gustav Wrangel , Johan Lillieström and Johan Oxenstierna belonged to the commission. The latter was replaced in 1652 by Gerdt Anton Rehnskiöld . The request of the estates in the state parliament in Stettin in 1650 for confirmation of the regimental constitution of 1634 was countered by the commission with its own draft of a new state order. In the same year, the estates responded by handing over a list of their privileges, which Stralsund Syndic David Mevius had recorded under the title “Delineatio of the Pomeranian Land = constitution according to the country's old statutes and customs” . Long-term negotiations on various other drafts followed. Finally, in 1662, a new main commission was set up to which several members from Pomerania belonged. This was able to reach an agreement with the estates at the state parliament in Wolgast in 1663 .

The governor, already named in the regimental constitution of 1634, had to belong to the Swedish Imperial Council according to the regimental constitution of 1663 and was also the military commander in chief in the country. The other members of the government were supposed to be native or indigenous from Pomerania and had to profess the Augsburg denomination . In important matters, the district administrators had to be called in as representatives of the estates to advise the government.

After the approval of the regimental form by the Swedish guardianship government for Charles XI. and the Imperial Council was paid homage to the Estates in 1663 and 1665 . Sweden finally gave up the plans for a reorganization of the state and administration. Because of the importance of Pomerania for the Swedish great power politics of the 17th and 18th centuries, fundamental reforms were dispensed with.

The form of regiment was supplemented by main commission recessions in 1663, 1669 and 1681, in which further provisions on the competences and rights of the government and the estates were issued. This also included the court court order of 1672 and the consistorial order of 1681.

In June 1806 the Swedish King Gustav IV Adolf repealed the Pomeranian state constitution and introduced the Swedish state constitution in the regimental form of 1772 and the Unification and Security Act of 1789. With the Greifswald state parliament of 1806 , Swedish Pomerania was officially incorporated into the Swedish state association. However, the occupation of the country by French troops in 1807 and 1812 prevented the implementation of the resolutions.

literature

  • Norbert Buske : Pomerania - territorial state and part of Prussia. An overview of the political development . Helms, Schwerin 1997, ISBN 3-931185-07-9 , pp. 55-56.
  • Reinhart Berger : Legal history of the Swedish rule in Western Pomerania. Triltsch, Würzburg 1936, pp. 3–5.
  • Martin Wehrmann : History of Pomerania. Volume II: Up to the Present. 2nd Edition. Verlag Friedrich Andreas Perthes, Gotha 1919–21. (Reprint: Augsburg 1992, ISBN 3-89350-112-6 ), pp. 172-175.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dirk Schleinert : The history of the island of Usedom . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2005, ISBN 3-356-01081-6 , p. 79.