Reichsbahn repair shop Chemnitz

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Class 03.10 locomotive converted to pulverized coal firing in the “Wilhelm Pieck” station in Karl-Marx-Stadt

The Reichsbahn repair shop Chemnitz ( Raw Chemnitz ) was a repair shop of the Rbd Dresden in the west Saxon city of Chemnitz . The repair shop was put into operation as a workshop station as early as 1869 by the Royal Saxon State Railways and continued as Raw Chemnitz by the Deutsche Reichsbahn . From 1953 to 1990 it was called Raw "Wilhelm Pieck" Karl-Marx-Stadt . It was continued to be operated by Deutsche Bahn as AW Chemnitz ; today, transmissions and other components for diesel engines are refurbished here in the Chemnitz Maintenance Center .

history

When Chemnitz closed the railroad in 1852 with the opening of the Riesa – Chemnitz railway line, a small coach house was built near the station building at Chemnitz station , where locomotives were also repaired. With the opening of the Chemnitz – Zwickau connection, this was increased to 24 stands.

When the Freiberg – Flöha connection was inaugurated in 1869, the existing systems throughout Saxony were at the limit of their capacity. A completely new workshop should therefore be built, as the existing buildings in Chemnitz could no longer be enlarged due to the urban development. The separation between the Riesa – Chemnitz and Dresden – Werdau railway lines around 2 km east of the Chemnitz train station was selected as the new location . Advantages for the construction in Chemnitz were the central location within the Saxon railway network, the existing qualified workforce at the mechanical engineering site and sufficient building site with space for later extensions.

Already in the construction stage it became clear that the planned workshop was too small. Therefore, the system was built even larger than originally planned. The workshop was opened part by part from July 1869, until 1873 the construction costs amounted to around 1.25 million thalers. In the end, around 11.5 km of track were laid on the 14 hectare area, plus a nine-hour boiler house , a paint shop and the administration for all Saxon railway workshops. In addition to locomotive and wagon repairs, superstructure materials were also reconditioned.

Due to the expansion of the Saxon railway network in the following years, the workshop station also had to be adapted to the increased number of vehicles. The facility was therefore supplemented by several newly built workshops by 1900, so around 1900 the site already comprised 22.5 hectares, on which almost 24 km of track lay. Around 1250 workers and employees repaired around 1270 vehicles a month, including around 78 locomotives. Around 25 new wagons and tenders were also built in Chemnitz during the same period .

After 1900 there were no further extensions, as existing workshops were extended in Dresden , Leipzig and Zwickau .

During the First World War , military goods were also produced in Chemnitz. After the First World War there were renewed expansion plans; structural changes were initially not possible due to lack of funds. During the Great Depression, traffic decreased to such an extent that in 1932 only 1,400 people were employed in Raw Chemnitz, although motor vehicles had also been repaired since the early 1930s. In the second half of the 1930s, Raw Chemnitz took over the vehicle repairs on the Saxon narrow-gauge railways . For this purpose, an old hall from the 1870s was demolished and replaced by what was then an extremely modern new building.

Three-quarters of the facilities were destroyed by Allied air raids in the spring of 1945, and the protracted reconstruction of the plant only began after the end of the war. The lack of spare parts in particular caused major problems - spare parts had to be obtained from existing vehicles that were also defective - and the lack of transport capacities. At this time, most of the people, almost 4600 people in total, were employed in the Raw.

On the day of the railroad workers on June 9, 1951, Raw Chemnitz was renamed Raw " Wilhelm Pieck " Chemnitz, in connection with the renaming of Chemnitz to Karl-Marx-Stadt in 1953 the Raw name was changed again. Fundamental changes in the area of ​​responsibility were also made in the 1950s. In the mid-1950s, the reconditioning of standard-gauge passenger cars was relocated to other workshops, but the majority of the narrow-gauge passenger cars in the GDR were modernized in Karl-Marx-Stadt by 1966. The Raw Karl-Marx-Stadt was selected as the central workshop for diesel locomotive repairs in 1958. As a result, the systems were converted accordingly in the following years for around 100 million marks. But steam locomotives were also repaired until 1964. The 03.10 and 41 series were also converted as part of the reconstruction program . In December 1964, the last steam locomotive in the Raw was repaired with a locomotive of the 94.19-21 series . At the same time, the use of steam locomotives at the factory locomotives ended . Usually there were two - at peak times even three - vehicles in use in the Raw. Most recently it was class 89.2 locomotives , previously also the 98 7069 and 98 7085 . As a replacement, two models from the V 60.10 series had already been received in 1960 .

In the mid-1960s, the reconditioning of superstructure materials and the V 15 and V 36 series was also transferred to other departments; the focus in Karl-Marx-Stadt was exclusively on the V 60 and V 180 series (118 series). The existing facilities, some of which were from the early days, were modernized or new buildings were built. This is how the most modern testing and adjustment system for diesel engines and transmissions in Europe was created. Although the company was already responsible for around 1500 diesel locomotives, the 119 series was also maintained in Chemnitz. Subsequently, the fault-prone Romanian locomotives in the Raw were equipped with much more reliable assemblies produced in the GDR.

After the economic changes resulting from the turn of 1989/90, the Deutsche Reichsbahn needed considerably fewer vehicles. The Chemnitz raw material was also affected; instead of the 118 series, which was retired at the beginning of the 1990s, shunting locomotives were repaired. The plant taken over by Deutsche Bahn was initially supposed to be closed, but the plan was rejected. It is still part of DB vehicle maintenance today as the Chemnitz maintenance center . In 1995 around 1700 people still worked here, making the plant the largest employer in Chemnitz, today around 150 people are employed. In addition to gears, other components such as RK 900 shunting couplings and leaf springs are also reconditioned.

literature

  • Kurt Kaiß, Matthias Hengst: Railway node Chemnitz - rail network of an industrial region , Alba, Düsseldorf 1996, ISBN 3-87094-231-2

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kurt Kaiß, Matthias Hengst: Chemnitz railway node - rail network of an industrial region , p. 32
  2. ↑ Kurt Kaiß, Matthias Hengst: Railway node Chemnitz - rail network of an industrial region , p. 32 f.
  3. ↑ Kurt Kaiß, Matthias Hengst: Chemnitz Railway Junction - Rail Network of an Industrial Region , p. 33
  4. ↑ a b Kurt Qays, Matthias stallion: railroad Chemnitz - rail network an industrial region , p 36
  5. ↑ Kurt Kaiß, Matthias Hengst: Railway node Chemnitz - rail network of an industrial region , p. 36 ff.
  6. ↑ Kurt Kaiß, Matthias Hengst: Chemnitz railway node - rail network of an industrial region , p. 39
  7. ↑ Kurt Kaiß, Matthias Hengst: Railway node Chemnitz - rail network of an industrial region , p. 39 f.
  8. ↑ Erich Preuß , Reiner Preuß : Schmalspurbahnen in Sachsen , 2nd edition, transpress, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-613-71205-9 , p. 131 f.
  9. ↑ Kurt Kaiß, Matthias Hengst: Railway node Chemnitz - rail network of an industrial region , p. 40ff.
  10. ↑ Kurt Kaiß, Matthias Hengst: Railway node Chemnitz - rail network of an industrial region , p. 43 ff.
  11. ↑ a b Kurt Kaiß, Matthias Hengst: Railway node Chemnitz - rail network of an industrial region , p. 44 f.
  12. ↑ DB vehicle maintenance - a strong partner for maintenance. In: deutschebahn.com. Archived from the original on November 14, 2012 ; Retrieved November 20, 2012 .

Coordinates: 50 ° 51 ′ 21.2 ″  N , 12 ° 56 ′ 17.5 ″  E