Reich student leader
The office of Reichsstudentenführer was created on November 5, 1936 by decree of Hitler's deputy Rudolf Heß in order to end the ongoing power struggles between the National Socialist German Student Union NSDStB as a party organization on the one hand and the German Student Union DSt as the umbrella organization of the local student bodies on the other. The kingdom of student leaders was henceforth in personal union chief of NSDStB and DSt, the Reich Student Union , the NS-old boys Confederation (since 1938) and later the Nazi teachers Bunds (from 1944). With this measure, "the management of the German student body at all universities and technical schools, the management of the National Socialist senior academics, the social support of the young students and the care for selection, professional guidance and vocational training in the academic professions" should be bundled in one hand.
The Reichsstudentenführung, in which the previously separate main offices and departments of all the organizations mentioned were brought together, had been directly subordinate to the party leadership as the NSDAP main office since April 1937 and, like them, had its seat in Munich. Individual offices (foreign office, social policy office, Langemarck studies , physical training) were also located in Berlin.
Formally, the organizations subordinate to the Reichsstudentenführung continued to exist separately, but until 1938, an extensive personal union was established in the leadership positions, especially of the NSDStB and DSt, from the Reich to the local level. This was facilitated by the fact that the Reichsstudentenführer could appoint, remove and give instructions to all Gau and local student leaders according to the National Socialist leader principle .
The first and only Reich student leader from 1936 to 1945 was the former Heidelberg NSDStB leader Gustav Adolf Scheel . In 1941 he named Würzburg , where the German Student Union was founded in 1919 and where the Institute for Student History and University Studies was set up next to a student history museum in 1938 , the “City of the Reich Student Days”.
With the Control Council Act No. 2 of October 10, 1945, the Allied Control Council banned the leadership of students and their property was confiscated.
literature
- Gustav Adolf Scheel : The unity of the German student body . Speech from June 1937. Printed in: Wolfgang Kalischer (Ed.): The university and its student body. Universitas magistrorum et scholarium. Attempt to document from laws, decrees, resolutions, speeches, writings and letters . Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft, Essen-Bredeney 1967, ( Yearbook Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft 1966/67, ISSN 0081-5551 ), p. 248ff.
- Friedhelm Golücke : Student Dictionary . Academic life from A to Z . Styria, Graz et al. 1987, ISBN 3-222-11793-4 , p. 366.
- Michael Grüttner : Students in the Third Reich , Schöningh, Paderborn et al. 1995.
- Holger Zinn: Student self-government in Germany until 1945 . In: Matthias Steinbach , Stefan Gerber (eds.): "Classical University" and "Academic Province". Studies at the University of Jena from the middle of the 19th to the thirties of the 20th century . Bussert & Stadeler, Jena et al. 2005, ISBN 3-932906-60-8 , pp. 439–473 (especially 470 ff.).
Web links
- Organization chart of the Reichsstudentenführung (status: 1939)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Peter Weidisch: Würzburg in the "Third Reich". In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 196-289 and 1271-1290; here: pp. 256–258.