Resonator

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A resonator is a system that can oscillate , the components of which are tuned to one or more specific frequencies ( natural frequencies ) in such a way that the resonator practically only oscillates at these frequencies with broadband excitation (see resonance ).

Acoustic resonators

Acoustic resonators ( airborne sound ) consist of a closed or partially open volume of air. The elasticity of the air in a cavity, together with the inertia of the air, leads to certain resonance frequencies . The Helmholtz resonator is a partially open cavity resonator , just like a simple tube (see also Rijke tube ).

Mechanical resonators

Mechanical resonators consist of discrete springs and masses or vibrating bodies ( tuning fork ).

Hydromechanical resonators

In hydromechanical resonators, ( incompressible ) liquid masses move after reflection at the edge of the liquid container in the form of a standing wave . See tidal resonance , wave resonance , Seiche .

Electric resonators

Electric resonators ( oscillating circuits ) consist of capacitors ( capacitances ) and coils ( inductances ). Both act as energy stores - the capacitor through its electric field, the coil through its magnetic field. After the excitation of the system, i. H. When an energy store is being charged, this energy is continuously exchanged ("reloaded") between the two energy stores, and the system "oscillates".

Electromagnetic resonators

Electromagnetic resonators are resonance spaces for electromagnetic waves . They are used, for example, in lasers ( laser resonators , optical resonators ), in klystrons , in dielectric resonators , in particle accelerators (see e.g. linear accelerators ) or in cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS).

See also

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