Rawanduz
| Rawanduz | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| location | |||
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| Coordinates | 36 ° 36 ′ N , 44 ° 24 ′ E | ||
| Country |
 Iraq
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| Autonomous Region | Kurdistan | ||
| Governorate | Erbil | ||
| District | Soran | ||
| Basic data | |||
| height | 914 m | ||
| Residents | 102,399 (2009) | ||
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Rawanduz ( Arabic رواندوز, DMG Rawāndūz ; Kurdish ڕەواندز Rewandiz ) is a city in the Iraqi province of Erbil in the autonomous region of Kurdistan . The city has 102,399 inhabitants (2009 calculation) and is 914 m high. Rawanduz lies on a road that connects Erbil and Mosul to the Iranian city of Mahabad over the Garu-Schinka Pass .
history
Rawanduz was an important city due to its location. The Rawanduz Pass through the Zāgros Mountains was the site of the important Kel-i-Schin stele . The mountain pass was later by the Persian king . Cyrus used to Babylonia to conquer. The city was at times part of the province of Shahrazor and partly owned by the Ardalan . Rawanduz was the capital of the Kurdish emirate of Soran . Its last ruler, Mohammed Pascha Rewanduz , declared himself independent from his Ottoman overlord at the beginning of the 19th century . After the decline of the Emirates in 1836, the city lost its importance. During the First World War , the city was on the route of the Ottoman and Russian troops. Rawanduz was part of the Vilayet Mosul , which became a bone of contention between the Ottomans and the British. In 1922, Sheikh Mehmûd Berzincî was proclaimed King of Kurdistan here. By a decision of the League of Nations in 1925, Rawanduz and the Vilâyet became part of the British Mandate of Mesopotamia . In 1940 Rawanduz had 7,000 residents. The mandate later became independent as the Kingdom of Iraq . Rawanduz has been part of the Kurdistan Autonomous Region since 1970 .
Before the First World War, the city had a Christian Nestorian community. Jews also lived in Rawanduz.
literature
- Edmund Leach : Social and Economic Organization of the Rowanduz Kurds , Berg Publishers 1940, ISBN 1-84520-019-5
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b page no longer available , search in web archives: Bevoelkerungsstatistik.de