RhTx
| Toxin RhTx | ||
|---|---|---|
| other names |
Tau-scoloptoxin-Ssm1a, tau-SLPTX-Ssm1a |
|
| Mass / length primary structure | 27 amino acids | |
| Precursor | 69 amino acids, 7,780 Da | |
| Identifier | ||
| External IDs | ||
Toxin RhTx is a neurotoxin from the Chinese red-headed centipede Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans .
properties
RhTx is made in the centipede's venom gland . It binds to the outer area of the heat receptor ion channel TRPV1, preferably in the open form, and lowers its activation temperature . This causes an activation of TRPV1 already at body temperature, which causes burning pain , followed by local effects such as erythema , induration , necrosis and, in some cases, lymphedema and lymphangitis . The EC 50 in mice is 521.5 nM . Cooling leads to the closed form of the TRPV1 and reduces the toxin binding and thus the poisonous effect, at 10 ° C the effect is inhibited. RhTx binds selectively to TRPV1, but not to mNav1.5 / SCN5A , mNav1.7 / SCN9A , tetrodotoxin- sensitive and -resistant Nav, mKv1.1 / KCNA1 , mKv2.1 / KCNB1 , mKv4.1 / KCND1 , high-voltage -activated Cav , low-voltage-activated Cav, TRPV2 , TRPV3 or TRPV4 . By proteolysis results from the pre-protein the biologically active toxin of 27 of RhTx amino acids (AS 42-68). RhTx has two disulfide bridges .
literature
- M. Geron, A. Hazan, A. Priel: Animal Toxins Providing Insights into TRPV1 Activation Mechanism. In: Toxins. Volume 9, number 10, October 2017, p., Doi : 10.3390 / toxins9100326 , PMID 29035314 , PMC 5666373 (free full text).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Toxin RhTx precursor - Scolopendra mutilans (Chinese red-headed centipede). In: uniprot.org. June 20, 2018, accessed June 17, 2018 .
- ↑ a b S. Yang, F. Yang, N. Wei, J. Hong, B. Li, L. Luo, M. Rong, V. Yarov-Yarovoy, J. Zheng, K. Wang, R. Lai: A pain-inducing centipede toxin targets the heat activation machinery of nociceptor TRPV1. In: Nature Communications . Volume 6, September 2015, p. 8297, doi : 10.1038 / ncomms9297 , PMID 26420335 , PMC 4589873 (free full text).
- ↑ JL Fenderson: Centipede envenomation: bringing the pain to Hawaii and Pacific Islands. In: Hawai'i journal of medicine & public health: a journal of Asia Pacific Medicine & Public Health. Volume 73, number 11 Suppl 2, November 2014, pp. 41-43, PMID 25478303 , PMC 4244901 (free full text).