Rio Branco (Rio Negro)

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Rio Branco
The Rio Branco at Boa Vista

The Rio Branco at Boa Vista

Data
location Roraima , Brazil
River system Amazon
Drain over Rio Negro  → Amazon  → Atlantic
source Confluence of the Rio Uraricoera and Rio Takutu
3 ° 1 ′ 21 ″  N , 60 ° 29 ′ 19 ″  W
muzzle in the Rio Negro coordinates: 1 ° 23 ′ 38 "  S , 61 ° 50 ′ 46"  W 1 ° 23 ′ 38 "  S , 61 ° 50 ′ 46"  W.

length 560 km, with Rio Uraricoera 1430 km
Catchment area 189,925 km²
Discharge at the Caracaraí
A Eo gauge: 126,085 km²
Location: 400 km above the mouth 		MQ 1980-2006
Mq 1980-2006
 		2903 m³ / s
23 l / (s km²)
Discharge at the mouth of the
A Eo : 189,925 km² 		MQ
Mq
 		5300 m³ / s
27.9 l / (s km²)
Left tributaries Anauá
Big cities Boa Vista
Navigable approx. 470 km

The Rio Branco [ ˌχiu ˈbɾãku ] (literally White River ) is under this name 560 km and with the Rio Uraricoera 1439 km long, left tributary of the Rio Negro and runs in northern Brazil . With a water flow of 5300 m³ / s it is the largest tributary of the Rio Negro.

course

The Rio Branco arises north of Boa Vista from the confluence of the 870 km long Rio Uraricoera , which rises in the Serra Parima on the border with Venezuela , and the somewhat smaller Rio Takutu , which has its source in the Serra Pakaraima on the border with Guyana . From Boa Vista to its confluence with the Rio Negro , the Rio Branco flows south in a very elongated course.

The course of the Rio Branco has two very different sections: First, its banks are accompanied for 145 kilometers by wet savannas , some of which are used for agriculture, but then, after a section of 15 kilometers with rapids ( Cachoeira do Bem-Querer ) , the Rio Branco flows through the tropical rainforest of the Amazon lowlands. This almost 400 kilometers long section is the most important for shipping. The Rio Branco has a river bed characterized in parts by sand and mud banks and, apart from the lower 125 kilometers of the river, mostly allows depths of barely more than one meter.

The 1.2 km long "Bridge of the Macuxis" over the Rio Branco near Boa Vista

The largest city is Boa Vista , where the 1.2 kilometer long Ponte dos Macuxis (“Bridge of the Macuxis”, named after a people in the state of Roraima ) spans the river.

The Rio Branco is a white water river , but unlike the other larger white water rivers, it does not receive its suspended matter from the Andes, but from the Guiana mountains . At the confluence with the Rio Negro, which is almost free of suspended matter, it forms an inland delta that not only pushes the Rio Negro south, but also backs it up. In doing so, the Rio Negro widens to a number of islands ( Mariuá Archipelago ), similar to how it flows into the Amazon just below Manaus .

Tributaries

The largest tributaries include (downstream):

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/ad770b/AD770B05.htm#map5
  2. ↑ a b c Augusto CV Getirana: Contribuições da Altimetria Espacial à Modelagem Hidrológica de Grandes Bacias na Amazônia , Rio de Janeiro 2009 (diss.), Accessed on July 14, 2014
  3. ↑ Note: The common length data of 170 km for the upper section, 24 km for the rapids and 388 km for the lower section do not withstand a check on maps and satellite images and in their total (582 km) contradict the usual, verifiable length specification of 560 km.
  4. ↑ See a NASA satellite image showing the backwater of the Rio Negro in front of the alluvial fan of the Rio Branco.
  5. ^ Kümmerly + Frey Rand McNally : International Atlas . Published by Georg Westermann Verlag ISBN 3-07-508962-1
  6. ↑ Reader's Digest: World Atlas . Published by The Reader's Digest Association Limited, London ISBN 978-3-89915-385-9