Robert Rosenthal (psychologist)
Robert Rosenthal (born March 2, 1933 in Giessen ) is a German-American professor of psychology at the University of California, Riverside .
Life
Rosenthal spent his early childhood in Limburg an der Lahn before he fled Germany to the USA with his parents at the age of six. In 1956 he received his PhD from the University of California, Los Angeles . He began his career at the University of North Dakota , where he worked in the field of clinical psychology . He later switched to social psychology . For many years he worked at the renowned Harvard University , where he became chairman of the Institute of Psychology in 1992. After his resignation in 1999, he returned to California and has worked at the University of California, Riverside ever since.
His experiment on self-fulfilling prophecy , which he carried out in US elementary schools in 1965 , became famous . First, with a mock test, he convinced the staff that certain randomly selected students were highly intelligent "bloomers" who would show excellent results in the future. In an intelligence measurement at the end of the school year, most of these students had actually greatly improved compared to their intelligence level recorded at the beginning of the school year (45 percent of the children selected as “high-flyers” or “bloomers” were able to increase their IQ by 20 or more points and 20 percent could even increase it by 30 or more points). This Rosenthal effect , named after him , has been replicated many times since then. Regarding this, however, Rost (2009, p. 262): "... the alleged multitude of studies on intelligence enhancement through simple expectation effects ... does not exist".
Rosenthal coined the term File Drawer Problem in 1979 , according to which researchers tend to prefer to publish studies with positive results and to let those with negative results disappear into the drawer. It is a problem related to publication bias .
His current work deals with non-verbal communication, especially with its influence on expectations, for example in a doctor-patient or employer-employee situation.
He has been an elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences since 2009 .
literature
- R. Rosenthal, L. Jacobson: Pygmalion in the classroom. Teacher expectations and intelligence development of students. Beltz 1983, ISBN 3-407-18267-8 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Robert Rosenthal in the catalog of the German National Library
- University of California on psych.ucr.edu (English)
- HighlyCited.com ( Memento from May 18, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ ER Smith, DM Mackie: Social Psychology. Psychology Press, 2nd edition 2000, ISBN 0-86377-587-X , pp. 94f.
- ^ E. Aronson, TD Wilson, RM Akert: Social Psychology. Pearson study. 4th edition 2004, ISBN 3-8273-7084-1 , p. 23.
- ↑ Elliot Aronson, Timothy D. Wilson, Robin M. Akert. "Social Psychology". 2008. Munich: Pearson Studies; Figure 3.6, p. 68
- ↑ D. Rost: Intelligence. Beltz, Weinheim-Basel 2009.
- ↑ PsychFileDrawer: The File Drawer Problem
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Rosenthal, Robert |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German-American psychologist Professor of Psychology at the University of California, Riverside |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 2, 1933 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | to water |