Roselies
| Roselies | |||
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| State : |
 Belgium
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| Region : | Wallonia | ||
| Province : | Hainaut | ||
| District : | Charleroi | ||
| Municipality : | Aiseau-Presles | ||
| Coordinates : | 50 ° 26 ' N , 4 ° 34' E | ||
| Height: | 115 m | ||
| Post Code: | 6250 | ||
| Prefix: | 071 | ||
| Website: | www.aiseau-presles.be/loisirs-et-culture/tourisme/asbl-office-communal-du-tourisme/roselies | ||
Roselies (in the Walloon language Rojni ) is a village in Belgium in the province of Hainaut in the Wallonia region . The village belongs to the municipality of Aiseau-Presles .
history
Initially, the place was a fiefdom of the Counts of Namur , before it was given to the Lords of Seraing by William the Rich (Guillaume le Riche, 1324-1391) in the 14th century . At that time the settlement consisted of 12 houses. From 1410 to 1625 the town was ruled by the von Havrech family (Seigneurs de Havré), who sold it to Herman de Lerneux, Lord of Presles. The population grew to 34 houses with 151 residents by 1830. The place then experienced an upswing due to the mining of coal, which had an impact on the entire region. In 1878 Roselies was the town with the highest population in the municipality.
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Shortly after the start of the First World War , fighting broke out in and around the village between August 21 and 23, 1914 between German troops who had marched into neutral Belgium and French units. In the “Rapports et Documents d'Enquête”, Volume 1, No. 2, “Rapports sur les attentats commis par les troupes allemandes pendant l'invasion et l'occupation de la Belgique” of the “Commission d'Enquête” published in Brussels in 1923 sur les violations des Règles du Droits des Gens, des Lois et des Coutumes de la Guerre ”, it is said, among other things, that the Germans marched into Roselies after they had driven the French out of the village. The Germans set fire to 91 houses and looted 160 under the pretext that civilians had shot at them from houses. At this point in time, there had already been damage and injuries in the area from artillery fire. François Dimanche and Melanie Fournier were killed when the population was shot. A certain Lenain, from the neighboring village of Farciennes about 2 km away , who had shown the Germans the way to Roselies, was also killed by them. The pastor of Roselies, Joseph Pollart, was arrested on August 22nd and shot the following day on the pretext that he was the leader of the Belgian franc tireurs . The Germans also took several hundred residents prisoner for several days, some of which were mistreated. The Belgian investigation report states that of the 1,032 residents of Roselies, four were killed and that there were pillages and arson (“incendie”) in Roselies. There were also shootings (“fusillade”), arbitrary arrests of civilians (“Civils emprisonnés arbitrairement”) and that French soldiers were killed (“Soldats français achevés”). Otherwise, the report of the Belgian committee of inquiry, in which two eyewitnesses from Roselies have their say, does not contain any further information about the events in the place. In Braunschweig, the name of a street ("Roseliesstraße") reminds of these events.
The municipal administration has been based in the “Hôtel du Panama”, the former home of the head of the coal mine, since 1986. Up to 72 workers could live and be supplied in one of the colliery's outbuildings. The "Hôtel du Panama" contained every comfort that was possible at that time, including electricity, heating and washrooms with hot water. The name "Hôtel du Panama" was given to it by the working class because by that time some workers had returned from America, where they had helped build the Panama Canal . When they saw the workers' wooden huts, they were reminded of Panama, which is why the former colliery was named Panama. The Roselies mine was shut down on August 1, 1959. The Panama-Roselies football club also bears this suffix. During the municipal reorganization in 1977, Roselies was incorporated as a district of the municipality of Aiseau-Presles.
Worth seeing
- Hôtel du Panama: seat of the municipal administration and former home of the mine owner.
- Ferme Albart: The farm has existed since the 15th century. He formed the center of the owners of the Augustinian monastery of Oignies (Abbaye d'Oignies) in Roselies. In 1933 the property was acquired by the Albart family, whose name it has been bearing ever since.
- La Chapelle de la rue de la fontaine: The renovated chapel dates from the 15th century. In earlier times the elements of nature were worshiped here.
- L'Église Saint-Joseph: 19th century church.
literature
- Batailles de Tamines, Roselies et Presles, de Bouffioulx, Nalinnes, Couillet, etc .. Bruxelles, around 1914, OCLC 68091354 .
Web links
- Commémorations des combats de la sambre on horizon14-18.eu (PDF, war events from 21 to 23 August 1914 in the area around Roselies, French with pictures)
Individual evidence
- ^ Reports and Documents d'Enquête. Volume 1, No. 2, p. 210.
- ↑ Memorial plaque for Pollart, Dimanche and Fournier on dengrootenoorlog.nl
- ↑ Memorial plaque for Joseph Pollart on dengrootenoorlog.nl
- ^ Reports and Documents d'Enquête. Volume 1, No. 2, p. 694.
- ^ Reports and Documents d'Enquête. Volume 1, No. 2, pp. 587-588.
- ↑ Roselies ( memento of October 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) on aiseau-presles.be
- ↑ Panama Roselies on aiseau-presles.be
- ↑ a b Architecture ( Memento from August 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) on aiseau-presles.be
- ↑ Eglise Saint-Joseph on balat.kikirpa.be (pictures)
Remarks
- ↑ Heroic depiction of the fighting by the Braunschweig war and battle painter Elmar von Eschwege ; published 1914 in the booklet collection published by Martin Bücking The Braunschweiger in the World War 1914-1918 , a German propaganda series .
- ↑ Investigation reports and documents. Volume 1, No. 2, Brussels 1923, reports on the attacks by German troops during the invasion and occupation of Belgium. Committee of Inquiry into Violations of the Rules of Human Rights, Laws and Uses of War. [refers to the Hague Land Warfare Regulations ].