Wing sea fish

Wing sea fish
	Winged Sea Vampire ( Membranoptera alata ), ; from Helgoland, Herbarbogen
Systematics
Department :	Red algae (Rhodophyceae)
Class :	Florideophyceae
Order :	Ceramiales
Family :	Delesseriaceae
Genre :	Membranoptera
Type :	Wing sea fish
Scientific name
	Membranoptera alata
	( Hudson ) Stackhouse

Winged Sea Fish, illustration,
left with tetrasporangia, right with cystocarpia

The winged sea-fish ( Membranoptera alata ), sometimes also called red skin -winged wrack , is a type of red algae . It occurs on the coasts of the North and Northeast Atlantic as well as the North Sea and Baltic Sea .

description

The winged Seeampfer is attached to the ground with an adhesive disc with a flap on the edge. Dense tufts of light red to dark brown-red, ribbon-shaped thallus sections arise from this . They are up to 20 cm long and 1 to 4 (rarely 8–12) mm wide and are strong and irregularly branched, sometimes almost forked. They have a strong central rib and are winged on both sides with a single-layered, delicate leaf surface. This border may be missing at the base or on older specimens, so that the thallus looks like a stem there. In adult algae, weak side veins can be seen on the thallus surface. The edge of the thallus is smooth, the sections end blunt, rounded and lobed or divided like a forceps in a crooked manner.

Development cycle

The alga is perennial, only the central ribs overwinter. From January / February young, bright red thallus bands sprout from the bare axes. The cystocarpies of the gametophytes are formed on special small leaflets or directly on the midrib of fresh thalli. On the tetrasporophytes , the sporangia develop on young, narrow shoot tips on both sides of the midrib. From August the leaf edges begin to degenerate again.

Occurrence

The winged sea-fish is widespread on the coasts of the north and north-east Atlantic from Iceland to the French Atlantic coast, where it is a common species. It has also been detected on the north Atlantic coasts of North America. In the German Bight it occurs on the Heligoland rock base , and also in the western and eastern Baltic Sea .

It inhabits the area from the lower tidal zone to the sublittoral below the low water line . There it grows on stones or as an epiphyte on larger algae, for example on the stems of palm wrack ( Laminaria hyperborea ).

Systematics

The first scientific description was in 1762 by William Hudson under the name Fucus alatus (in: Flora anglica , p. 472). In 1809, John Stackhouse put the species in the genus Membranoptera , the type species of which is Membranoptera alata .

Synonyms are Fucus alatus Hudson , Delesseria alata (Hudson) JVLamouroux , Hypophylla alata (Hudson) Stackhouse , Sphaerococcus alatus (Hudson) Wahlberg , hypoglossum alatum (Hudson) Kiitzing and the heterotypic synonyms Fucus alatus var. Angustissimus Turner , Delesseria alata var. Angustissima ( Turner) C.Agardh , Delesseria alata var. dilatata (Turner) C.Agardh , Delesseria angustissima (Turner) AWGriffiths ex Harvey , hypoglossum angustissimum (Turner) Kiitzing , Pteridium angustissimum (Turner) J.Agardh , Membranoptera angustissima (Turner) Kuntze , Hydrolapatha angustissima (Turner) Kuntze and Pantoneura angustissima (Turner) .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Michael Guiry: The Seaweed Site: information on marine algae: Membranoptera alata , accessed November 4, 2015.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Wolfram Braune: Marine algae. A color guide to the common benthic green, brown and red algae of the world's oceans . Ruggell: Gantner, 2008, ISBN 978-3-906166-69-8 , pp. 506-507.
↑ P. Kornmann, PH Sahling: Sea algae from Helgoland - Benthic green, brown and red algae. Biological Institute Helgoland, Hamburg 1983, ISSN 0017-9957 , pp. 239-240.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Michael D. Guiry in Michael D. Guiry, GM Guiry: Membranoptera alata - In: Algaebase - World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway, accessed November 4, 2015.
↑ Dirk Schories, Uwe Selig, Hendrik Schubert: Species and synonym list of the German marine macroalgae based on historical and recent records (list of species and synomes of macroalgae in German coastal waters - evaluation of historical and recent findings) . In: Rostock. Marine biologist Contribution , Issue 21, 2009, p. 70. PDF file

Web links

Commons : Winged Sea Vampire ( Membranoptera alata ) - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

[seaweed-1] Michael Guiry: The Seaweed Site: information on marine algae: Membranoptera alata , accessed November 4, 2015.

[Braune-2] Wolfram Braune: Marine algae. A color guide to the common benthic green, brown and red algae of the world's oceans . Ruggell: Gantner, 2008, ISBN 978-3-906166-69-8 , pp. 506-507.

[Kornmann-3] P. Kornmann, PH Sahling: Sea algae from Helgoland - Benthic green, brown and red algae. Biological Institute Helgoland, Hamburg 1983, ISSN 0017-9957 , pp. 239-240.

[Algaebase-4] Michael D. Guiry in Michael D. Guiry, GM Guiry: Membranoptera alata - In: Algaebase - World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway, accessed November 4, 2015.

[Schories-5] Dirk Schories, Uwe Selig, Hendrik Schubert: Species and synonym list of the German marine macroalgae based on historical and recent records (list of species and synomes of macroalgae in German coastal waters - evaluation of historical and recent findings) . In: Rostock. Marine biologist Contribution , Issue 21, 2009, p. 70. PDF file