Briel ruin
| Briel ruin | ||
|---|---|---|
| Alternative name (s): | Brielburg, Harscherburg, Alt-Steusslingen | |
| Creation time : | before 1200 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, spur location | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Standing position : | Nobles | |
| Construction: | Limestone humpback cuboid | |
| Place: | Ehingen- Briel | |
| Geographical location | 48 ° 19 '17 " N , 9 ° 39' 14.4" E | |
| Height: | 648 m above sea level NN | |
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The ruins Briel , also Briel castle , Harscherburg or right Altsteusslingen called, is a Outbound Spur castle on a conical 648 m above sea level. NN high mountain spur east of the hamlet of Briel , northwest of the city of Ehingen in the Tübingen Alb-Donau district in Baden-Württemberg .
history
The Lords of Steusslingen are first mentioned around 990; then they were probably on a small castle in, or place Altsteusslingen and later built a better defensible hilltop castle in nearby Brieltal on the top of by the ancient Danube not fully formed round the mountain. The castle is lower in height than the original Burgweiler Briel on the opposite valley height in the west, which is rather rare in castle construction. This is probably the reason why the castle was abandoned as early as the late Middle Ages when it could not be defended against long-range guns. Altsteusslingen Castle was originally only called "Steusslingen" until Neusteusslingen Castle was built on the northern edge of the Steusslingen rulership over the Schmiechtal . Altsteusslingen Castle is therefore to be regarded as the ancestral seat of the noble family von Steusslingen; the best-known representative of the Anno von Steusslingen family was probably born in the village of Altsteusslingen, since around 1010, the time of his birth, castle building on hills was still uncommon.
The lords of Steusslingen died out around 1387 with Konrad II of Steusslingen in the male line. The Lords of Freyberg became heirs of the Steusslingen lordship and Altsteusslingen Castle. Owners of the castle as successors of the Steusslingers were:
- 1367 Burchard von Freyberg
- after 1384 Heinrich von Freyberg von Schöneck
- 1408, 1415, 1417, 1420 and 1428 Friedrich von Freyberg
- In 1434 the brothers Friedrich, Heinrich and Peter von Freyberg were enfeoffed with the "Veste" Altsteußlingen by Württemberg
- In 1436 and 1443 Friedrich von Freyberg is the sole fiefdom holder
- In 1452 Jörg von Freyberg was a fiefdom holder
- In 1455 Wolfgang von Stein, then Konrad von Stein, became a fiefdom holder
- In 1461 and 1469 the fief of Wilhelm Löw, citizen of Ulm
- In 1469 Burkhardt von Freyberg and Hans Ströhlin are fiefs for the wife of Wilhelm Löw
- In 1480 Wilhelm von Wernau and Hans Lucas Baltinger are fiefs for the widow of Wilhelm Löw
- In 1485 Margareta Ströhler sold Altsteußlingen Castle and its accessories to Hans Speth von Schülzburg
- 1489 February 14, Count Eberhard von Württemberg, as feudal lord, approved the sale of Altsteusslingen Castle including Briel to the hospital in Ehingen a. D .; But the hospital had to "break the fortress or the Altsteusslingen Castle or let it perish, so that it would no longer remain under construction or be further built". This was soon carried out, because on February 15, 1490, the Bishop of Constance approved the demolition of the castle chapel.
- 1489 April 21, Hans Speth von Schülzburg sells Altsteusslingen Castle and its accessories to the Ehingen hospital
description
In 1927 the foundation walls of the castle were exposed by the castle researcher Konrad Albert Koch . The most important result of Koch's excavations was a floor plan of the castle, after which Koch first attempted a reconstruction. Koch found u. a. Humpback square of limestone of the foundations of the keep can be, so that the construction of the plant in the decades around 1200 dated.
The complex was of a considerable size, which cannot be easily read from the wall remains that are still visible today at ground level. The entrance to the castle was in the southeast, from where one entered the castle over a narrow ridge, where a gatekeeper stood, over the neck ditch with the drawbridge through the main gate. The most important castle buildings were lined up on the rocky hill in the northeast: southeast building, upper small courtyard, castle chapel, keep with palas , and finally inner courtyard. There were two other buildings in the southwest. The whole inner castle was surrounded by a wall. The castle was almost completely surrounded by a second wall, the Zwingermauer , which was further secured by six round shell towers . The moat was located between the kennel wall and the inner castle wall , which ran around the entire complex. Outside the kennel wall in the northeast there were several residential and farm buildings.
When it was demolished, the castle was dismantled as a quarry as usual, which is why today only buried remains of walls and the neck moat can be seen on the ground floor of what was once about a hundred meters long and sixty meters wide .
literature
- Gunther Dohl: The history of the communities Altsteusslingen and Briel . Altsteußlingen: local administration, 1966; Ehingen a. D .: Druckerei Glöckler, esp. Pp. 22-25.
- Günter Schmitt : Briel (Brielburg - Harscherburg) . In: Ders .: Burgenführer Schwäbische Alb. Volume 2 · Alb Middle-South. Hiking and discovering between Ulm and Sigmaringen . Biberacher Verlagsdruckerei, Biberach an der Riß 1989, ISBN 3-924489-45-9 , pp. 105-108.
- Konrad Albert Koch : The Brielburg . In: Leaves of the Swabian Alb Association . Vol. 41, 1929, No. 6, columns 168-170.
- Eugen Nägele (editor): From the Ehinger Alb . In: Leaves of the Swabian Alb Association . Vol. 41, 1929, No. 6, columns 161-168 and 170-171.
- Eugen Schübelin: The Brielburg . In: Leaves of the Swabian Alb Association . Vol. 14, 1902, No. 1, columns 27-28.
Individual evidence
- ↑ It is highly doubtful whether the castle was ever owned by the Harscher . This claim was apparently made for the first time by the second description of the Oberamt Ehingen from 1893, and was repeated by Konrad Albert Koch in his article, but has no documentary basis.
- ↑ Eugen Nägele (1929), Von der Ehinger Alb. Sheets of the Swabian Alb Association Vol. 41, No. 6, Column 171.
- ↑ Published as Koch, Konrad Albert (1929), Die Brielburg. Sheets of the Swabian Alb Association Vol. 41, No. 6, columns 168–170.