Runestone from Istaby

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Istaby runestone, side A.

The Istaby rune stone (DR 359; KJ 98) is one of the four Blekinger rune stones with an inscription in the older Futhark , which was set up in Istaby in Blekinge in Sweden during the Vendelzeit (550-800 AD). The rune stone was first documented in 1748 at the eponymous town near Sölvesborg ( original location ). The 1.8 m high granite stone is described on two sides and is today in the exhibition of the State Historical Museum in Stockholm.

Runestone Istaby, side B

description

The Istaby stone is dated to the 7th century. It belongs to the important (ideal type) runic inscriptions of the transition period from the older 24-type common Germanic rune series to the 16-type series of the Viking Age . Istaby shows a peculiarity in the runes compared to the inscriptions by Gummarp, Stentoften and Björketorp in that the oral, non-nasalized / a / was scratched by the rune master with ᛋ and not ᛡ .

(A) (I) AfatzhAriwulafa (II) hAþuwulafzhAeruwuIaflz
(B) wasAitrunAzþAiAz
  • Transliteration:
Afatz hAriwulafa hAþuwulafz hAeruwulafiz warAit runAz þAiAz
  • Transmission:
"Haþuwulafz [PN Kampf-Wolf ], son of Hjǫruwulafz [PN Sword-Wolf ], carved these runes in memory of Haeriwulafz [PN Heer-Wolf ]"

With the stones from Stentoften and Gummarp, the Istaby stone is a testimony to the setting of memorial stones by a regional chief family (Hövdingadöme). The concise two-part given names vary in the first part with references to combat and warfare and show a lycophoric reference in the second part, that is, the formation with the generic name of the wolf . First or second member variations within a gender or clan represent a stylistic device of aristocratic naming in Germania . Of the Blekinger rune stones, the Istaby stone can be regarded as the oldest for stylistic reasons.

See also

literature

  • Thomas Birkmann : From Ågedal to Malt. The Scandinavian runic inscriptions from the end of the 5th to the end of the 9th century. (= Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde - supplementary volumes . Volume 12). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1995, ISBN 3-11-014510-3 , pp. 114-120, 138-142.
  • Klaus Düwel : Runic lore. 4th, revised. u. act. Edition. Metzler, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-476-14072-2 , pp. 42-44.
  • Wolfgang Krause , Herbert Jankuhn : The runic inscriptions in the older Futhark. (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philosophical-Historical Class. Volume 3, No. 65.1 (text), No. 65.2 (tables)). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1966.
  • Lena Peterson: Lexicon över urnordiska personnamn. Institut för språk och folkminnen, Uppsala 2004.
  • Olof Sundqvist, Anders Hultgård : The Lycophoric Names of the 6 to 7 Century Blekinge Rune Stones and the Problem of their Ideological Background. In: Astrid van Nahl, Lennart Elmevik, Stefan Brink (eds.): Worlds of names . (= Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde. Volume 44). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2004, ISBN 3-11-018108-8 , pp. 583-602.
  • Henrik Williams :  Lister. § 2. Runological. In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde (RGA). 2nd Edition. Volume 18, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2001, ISBN 3-11-016950-9 , pp. 509-512.

Web links

Commons : Istaby Runestone  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ Elmer H. Antonsen : A Concise Grammar of the Older Runic Inscriptions . Niemeyer, Tübingen 1975, p. 84.