Faint blotchy blotch
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Faintly spotted deafblings ( Russula persicina ) |
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| Russula persicina | ||||||||||||
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The weakly spotted deafblings ( Russula persicina ) is a fungus from the family of the deafblings relatives . The Täubling superficially resembles the representatives of the Spei-Täubling group, but its spore powder is cream-colored.
features
Macroscopic features
The hat 5–12 cm wide, quite fleshy and soon flattened or depressed. It is pink-red, scarlet to blood-red in color and very quickly fades to cream-colored or pale pink in the middle. The edge is also sometimes whitish. The hat skin is smooth and can only be peeled off at the edge up to a maximum of 1/3 of the radius. The edge is lighter in color, often wavy to slightly lobed and, with age, finely serrated.
The lamellas are thick, narrow and often forked. They are light cream in color, and also ocher in color when ripe. They are bulging on the handle, and with age they can more or less run down the handle. The spore powder is also dark-cream to pale ocher in color.
The short, firm stem is 2.5–8 cm long and 1–2.5 cm wide. It is fleshy, mostly white, but sometimes tinged with pink or reddish tones. With age it also turns yellowish brown. When touched it slowly begins to yellow. The meat, which is quite thick, is white, firm and tastes hot. It begins to turn yellow when touched. It tastes mild at first, then a bit spicy and has a slightly fruity smell reminiscent of the Spei-Täubling. The guaiac reaction is positive.
Microscopic features
The variable spores are 7–9 µm long and 6–7.5 µm wide. They are elongated to almost spherical and usually have thorny, more or less isolated warts, which are sometimes strung like a chain and sometimes have a few line-shaped connections. The cystidia are numerous, quite long (100 (130) × 8–12 (15) µm) and often more or less appendiculated .
The basids are 45–55 µm long and 8–11 (12.7) µm wide and have 4 sterigms. The cystids are numerous and very long (57–130 × 15.7 µm). They react well with sulfovanillin and turn almost completely black in the process.
The top layer of the hat skin ( epicutis ) consists of hairy hyphae which are blunt at the top and which are sometimes a little clubbed. They are 2.5–4.2 µm wide, the end sections are rarely also bottle-shaped, then they are 8.5 µm wide at their bulbous extension. In addition to the hyphae, there are long, cylindrical or club-shaped dermatocystids , which are rarely shaped like a wine tube. They are not very septate (0–2) and 4–7 µm wide at the tip. They do not always stain gray with sulfovanillin, but always black with sulfobenzaldehyde.
Species delimitation
- On the face of it, the weak-spotted deafness is reminiscent of the representatives of the spit-fever sub-section Emeticinae . However, these all have a white or whitish spore powder and do not yellow as much.
- The most similar is the yellow blotch Russula luteotacta , which also has a strong tendency to yellow , but also has whitish spore powder.
- Specimens in peat moss can also be small forms of the rare swamp blubber ( Russula helodes ). This has larger or netier spores.
ecology
Like all deafnesses, the weakly spotted deafness is a mycorrhizal fungus that can enter into a symbiosis with various deciduous trees. It is often found under the beech trees , but it also forms a partnership with the hornbeam, poplars , oaks or linden trees .
The Täubling can be found in the sedge-beech forest , in the bedstraw-oak-hornbeam forest , in warmth-loving mixed oak forests such as the whitefinger-sessile oak forest . In addition, the Täubling can also be found in forest clearings, in parks or under avenue trees at the edges of roads or paths.
The fruiting bodies appear from August to October, they are mainly found in the hilly and lower mountain regions.
distribution
The fungus is apparently widespread in eastern North America (USA) and is also found in North Africa (Morocco) and in large parts of Europe.
The Täubling is quite rare in Germany. On the red list , it is listed in the risk category RL3.
Systematics
Inquiry systematics
The weak-spotted deaf is placed by Bon in the Exalbicantinae sub- section, which is within the Firmae section. The subsection contains small to medium-sized pigeons with predominantly pink to wine-red colored hats. The stem is tinged with white or pink and tends to turn gray when wet. The pigeons taste sharp to hot and have cream to ocher-colored spore powder. In Romagnesi , the weak-spotted blotch is the type species of the subsection Persicinae
Subspecies and varieties
- Russula persicina var. Intactior ( Jul. Schäff. ) Bon , Syn .: R. intactior Jul. Schäff.
- This variety is more similar to the yellow-spotted blotch ( R. luteotacta ) than the type species of R. persicina. The colors get dirty and fade faster than the type. The hat 3–7 cm wide, blood red or pink with extensive cream, pink or white discoloration. The hat clearly tends to gauze, as do the lamellas and the stem. The edge is clearly grooved. The hat skin is about 1/3 removable and matt. The lamellae are cream-colored to more or less yellowish. The stem is sometimes tinged with washed-out pink. The lamellas and stem do not turn yellow when touched, but rather gray. The meat is hard and tastes hot. The spore powder is off-white. The Täubling occurs under birch, sometimes also willow and is quite hygrophilous . The spores are ornamented, with isolated warts more or less distant.
- Russula persicina var. Rubrata Romagn. (1953)
- The hat is 5–8 cm wide, with a more or less irregular edge and sometimes slightly hunched. The colors are darker than the type, mostly bright red and are reminiscent of the beech-Spei-Täubling . The hat skin is velvety and hardly removable. The lamellae are dense and light cream-colored, the spore powder is also cream-colored. The white stem is sometimes tinged with a faded pink and turns yellow with age or to the touch. The meat is hard, stained red on old wounds, the taste is sharp. Guaiac reaction is weakly positive. The fruiting bodies appear under various deciduous trees.
meaning
The weakly spotted blubber is not an edible mushroom due to its pungent taste.
literature
- Russula persicina. In: Russula database. CBS Fungal Biodiversity Center, accessed December 20, 2010 .
- H. Romagnesi: Russula persicina. In: Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord (1967). MycoBank, the Fungal website, accessed December 20, 2010 (French).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Marcel Bon (ed.): Parey's book of mushrooms . Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp. 74 .
- ↑ a b Monographic Key to European Russulas (1988). (PDF; 1.4 MB) In: English translation by M. Bons Russula key :. The Russulales Website, p. 33 , archived from the original on July 28, 2010 ; Retrieved December 20, 2010 .
- ↑ a b Russula persicina in the PilzOek database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 21, 2011 .
- ↑ Basidiomycota Checklist-Online - Russula persicina. In: basidiochecklist.info. Retrieved September 28, 2012 .
- ↑ Torbjørn Borgen, Steen A. Elborne, Henning Knudsen: Arctic and Alpine Mycology . Ed .: David Boertmann and Henning Knudsen. tape 6 . Museum Tusculanum Press, 2006, ISBN 87-635-1277-7 , A checklist of the Greenland basidiomycetes, p. 37-59 .
- ↑ Z. Tkalcec, A. Mesic: Preliminary checklist of Agaricales from Croatia V: . Families Crepidotaceae, Russulaceae and Strophariaceae. In: Mycotaxon . tape 88 , 2003, ISSN 0093-4666 , p. 293 ( online [accessed August 31, 2011]). online ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Estonian eBiodiversity Species description Russula persicina. In: elurikkus.ut.ee. Retrieved June 13, 2012 .
- ↑ Worldwide distribution of Russula persicina. (No longer available online.) In: data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on May 3, 2014 ; Retrieved August 21, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Z. Athanassiou, I. Theochari: Compléments à l'inventaire des Basidiomycètes de Grèce . In: Mycotaxon . Vol. 79, 2001, pp. 401-415 ( online ). online ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ NMV Verspreidingsatlas | Russula persicina. In: verspreidingsatlas.nl. Retrieved May 7, 2012 .
- ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved May 7, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Roger Phillips: Russula persicina. (No longer available online.) Rogers Mushrooms, archived from the original on January 6, 2009 ; Retrieved December 20, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Blood, bile and tears. Blades Part 6 - Sharp Cream Spurs. In: The Tintling . No. 96, 5/2015, pp. 19-30.
Web links
- Spore drawing_1 and Spore drawing_2 by Russula persicina after H. Romagnesi, (1967), website of the CBS Fungal Biodiversity Center. Retrieved January 10, 2011.
- Sporenzeichnung_1 and Sporenzeichnung_2 of Russula persicina var. Rubrata and spores drawing of Russula persicina var. Intactior by H. Romagnesi, (1967), site of the CBS Fungal Biodiversity Center. Retrieved January 10, 2011.
- Synonyms of Russula persicina. Index Fungorum, accessed January 10, 2011 .
- Russula persicina. In: Russulales News . Bart Buyck, accessed January 10, 2011 (photos, nomenclature and original Latin diagnosis).
- Russula persicina. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved on June 2, 2014 (in Italian, photos from the weakly stained Täubling).
