Rutulian language

Rutulian
Spoken in	Dagestan ( Russian Federation ), Azerbaijan
speaker	36,400 (2010)
Linguistic ; classification	Northeast Caucasian languages Lesgic languages Samuric group Rutulian ;
Official status
Recognized minority / ; regional language in	Dagestan
Language codes
ISO 639 -1	-
ISO 639 -2	cau
ISO 639-3	rut

The Rutulische (proper name: məχanid tʃ'al ) belongs to lesgischen group of ( Northeast Caucasian ) nachisch-Dagestani languages.
About 36,400 (status: 2010) rutulas are spoken of, of which 30,4000 are in Russia and there mainly in the autonomous republic of Dagestan , but also in Azerbaijan by 6,000 rutulas (status: 2015) in the districts of Qax and Shaki. Since 1990 Rutulian has been written using the Cyrillic alphabet .

As written languages serve speakers of Rutulischen next Lezgi , Azerbaijani and Russian .

Linguistic characteristics

Rutulian has pharyngealized vowels.

It has 4 nominal classes and is an ergative language .

Linguistic situation

Rutulian (No. 12) in the environment of the Northeast Caucasian language family

The Rutulian language is threatened with extinction as it is under strong assimilation pressure from Azerbaijani .

literature

ME Alekseev: Rutul'skij jazyk . In: Kavkazskie jazyki . Academia, Moscow 1999, ISBN 5-87444-079-8 , pp. 409-420.
Adolf Dirr: Introduction to the study of the Caucasian languages . Verlag der Asia Major , Leipzig 1928 (reprint 1978), pp. 304-318.
George Hewitt: Introduction to the Study of the Languages of the Caucasus . LINCOM Europe, Munich 2004, p. 28.
G. Ch. Ibragimov: Rutul'skij jazyk . Nauka, Moscow 1978.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Rutulian at Ethnologue
↑ According to the Dagestan Constitution, "Russian and the Languages of the Peoples of Dagestan" are official languages. In fact , this applies at least to written languages, but also to languages such as Rutulian, which have only recently been written. See also Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use : Respublika Dagestan. Land of Mountains: Mountain of Languages , 2004 (PDF; 307 kB), p. 5
↑ Published in: Encyclopedia of the world's endangered languages. Edited by Christopher Moseley. London & New York: Routledge, 2007. 211-280.
^ UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Web links

Test Wikipedia in Rutulian

Etheo project: Rutulian language, in Russian ( Memento from August 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive )

[Ethnologue-1] Rutulian at Ethnologue

[2] According to the Dagestan Constitution, "Russian and the Languages of the Peoples of Dagestan" are official languages. In fact , this applies at least to written languages, but also to languages such as Rutulian, which have only recently been written. See also Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use : Respublika Dagestan. Land of Mountains: Mountain of Languages , 2004 (PDF; 307 kB), p. 5

[3] Published in: Encyclopedia of the world's endangered languages. Edited by Christopher Moseley. London & New York: Routledge, 2007. 211-280.

[4] UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger