South Yemen

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Location and extent of South Yemen

South Yemen is the historical name for the part of Yemen consisting of various emirates and sultanates , which was dominated by British colonial power after the division of the country in the 19th century and merged into the South Arab Federation from 1962 to 1967 . "South Yemen" later also referred to the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen , which gained independence in 1967. In 1990 the union with the "North Yemen" Republic of Yemen took place , in 1994 and 2020 there were again attempts at secession.

Topographical paradox

The core of the area with the capital Aden was initially south of the Ottoman- controlled North Yemen , which led to the origin of the name. However, the much larger South Yemen with Hadramaut in the east had territories that are also further north than North Yemen, so that North Yemen and South Yemen were not topographically exact country names.

British rule (1839-1967)

At the beginning of the 19th century, Yemen came increasingly into the area of ​​interest of Great Britain , which conquered the Socotra archipelago in 1834 and the port of Aden in 1839 . Other rulers in Hadramaut were placed under the British Protectorate in order to bring the Gulf of Aden under British control. With the opening of the Suez Canal in Egypt , Aden gained further importance as a port and naval base for the British. From April 1962 to November 1967 was from the Emirates and sultanates in southern Yemen, the Federation of South Arabia formed by the British, who also Aden and in January 1963 at the June 1964 Upper Aulaqi Sultanate has been connected.

People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (1967 / 70–1990)

After achieving independence on November 30, 1967, the People's Republic of South Yemen was first proclaimed, which was then renamed the Democratic People's Republic of Yemen (DVRJ) in 1970 . It existed until the union with the Yemeni Arab Republic on May 22, 1990.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Separatists proclaim autonomy in southern Yemen. Deutsche Welle , April 26, 2020, accessed on April 27, 2020 .