SMS Crown Prince Archduke Rudolf
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The SMS Kronprinz Erzherzog Rudolf (originally "SM Thurmschiff Kronprinz Erzherzog Rudolf") was a battleship of the Austrian Austro-Hungarian Navy . It was named after the heir to the throne of Emperor Franz Joseph I, Archduke Crown Prince Rudolf .
The ship was the type ship of the "double tower ships", to which the SMS Crown Princess Archduchess Stephanie (1887) also belonged in a broader sense . However, this one had more powerful machines , was built somewhat lighter and thus reached higher speeds. The technical progress of this class lay in the effort to combine the lowest possible weight with the greatest possible protection for the vital parts of the ship when it comes to armor.
The Crown Prince Archduke Rudolf was built in the kk See-Arsenale in Pola in 1884–1889 and launched on July 6, 1887. The construction plans came from the kk shipbuilding engineer Moriz Soyka, the construction management was kk shipbuilding engineer II. Classe Heinrich Margutti. In 1893 the ship was modernized.
The ship was in 1918 as a guard ship in front of the entrance to the Gulf of Cattaro and played an important role in the sailors' uprising in Cattaro .
After the end of the First World War , the Crown Prince Archduke Rudolf was ceded to Yugoslavia in 1919 , renamed Kumbor and sold for demolition in 1922.
Calls
- 1890 North and Baltic Sea
- 1914–1916 block ship
- 1916–1918 Sea mine command in Porto Rose ( Gulf of Cattaro )
Technical specifications
- Length: 94.4 m
- Largest width: 19.2 m
- Draft forward: 6.78 m
- Draft aft: 7.92 m
- Construction displacement: 6867 t
- Speed 16 kn
Armament
The three main guns of the SMS Crown Prince Archduke Rudolf were three 30.5 cm Krupp reloading cannons mounted on Armstrong hydraulic mounts:
- Caliber length: 35
- Weight of the gun barrel: 48.5 t
- Weight of the steel grenade: 455 kg
- Height of the gun axis above water: 6.3 m
- Weight of the powder charge: 141 kg "brown prismatic powder" (presumably nitrocellulose )
- Initial speed of the projectile: 530 m / s
- Largest range: 16 km
- Firing range for 15 ° elevation: 9.3 km
In addition, the SMS Crown Prince Archduke Rudolf had six 12 cm Krupp guns (12 pounders):
- Caliber length: 35
- Height of the gun axis above water: 4.4 m
- Bullet weight: 26 kg
- Powder load: 15 kg
- Explosive charge: 1.4 kg
- Initial bullet speed: 610 m / s
- Maximum range: 12 km
Further armament : 7 cm Uchatius guns for the boat and landing service as well as 11 rapid fire guns, which were installed along the side walls and on Mars in the middle of the ship.
Armor
The armor was chosen as sparingly as possible, following strategic considerations. Only the citadel room was protected with compound armor plates of 305 mm. From that rose the two towers, the front of which contained the position for two main guns, the rear for one. All hydraulic equipment required for gun operation was therefore protected by the maximum armor. A 69 mm thick, arched armored deck, which extended at the bow to the spur of the ram, extended over the entire length of the ship below the waterline . To prevent strong water ingress as a result of destruction by enemy projectiles, a 1 m thick belt made of cells filled with cork wood was installed above the armored deck and along the unarmored ship's walls , which reached up to the middle deck. The ship had a pump power that was strong for the technology of the time, by means of which 2000 t of leakage water (about a third of the total displacement) could be removed from board per hour. At the time of launch, "light and well-ventilated accommodation for staff and crew" was also highlighted as a positive innovation.
Drive and machines
The SMS Kronprinz Erzherzog Rudolf was driven by two steam engines with 6500 HP , which worked according to the two-cylinder composite system, and two propellers with 80 revolutions per minute. If necessary, up to 7500 HP and 90 revolutions per minute could be generated.
To its main dimensions:
- Diameter of the high pressure cylinder: 1450 mm
- Diameter of the low pressure cylinder: 2540 mm
- Stroke for all pistons: 1150 mm
- Steel shaft diameter: 406
- Diameter of the two four-bladed bronze propellers: 5490 mm
The operating steam was supplied by 10 cylindrical kettles (4260 mm in diameter and 3042 mm in length). With a total heating surface of 1780 m² and a grate surface of 62 m², 50 tons of water could be evaporated per hour.
As on board the SMS Crown Princess Archduchess Stephanie , the two ships' engines were housed in two, but the boiler systems in four watertight compartments.
There were separate steam engines as auxiliary units for the entire ship service:
- For machine service: 20
- For artillery service: 7
- For electrical lighting: 3
- For ship service: 7
literature
- SM tower ship Kronprinz Erzherzog Rudolf (original kuk brochure on the occasion of the launch)
- Karl Gogg: Austria's Navy. 1848-1918. 2nd improved edition. Verlag Das Bergland-Buch, Salzburg / Stuttgart 1974.
See also
- Commons : Kronprinz-Erzherzog-Rudolf-Klasse - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Remarks
- ↑ On July 5, 1887, the opening ceremony of the 21.6 km long state railway line Trieste (Old Harbor) - Herpelje ( Hrpelje Railway ) took place. In the newly built Hrpelje-Kozina station, the line formed both a connection to the Southern Railway, which continued towards Vienna, and to the Pula Railway ( Divača –Pola; Istrian Railway ), which was completed a decade earlier and operated as a state railway from 1882 . After the opening of the railway line, the Imperial and Royal Minister of Commerce Olivier Marquis de Bacquehem (1847–1917) traveled the next day to the launch of the tower ship in Pola. - See: Telegrams. (...) Vienna, June 27th. In: Prager Abendblatt. Supplement to the Prager Zeitung , No. 143/1887, June 27, 1887, p. 4 (unpaginated), bottom right. (Online at ANNO ). .