Sakhalin spruce

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Sakhalin spruce
Picea glehnii Munich Botanical Garden.jpg

Sakhalin spruce ( Picea glehnii )

Systematics
Family : Pine family (Pinaceae)
Subfamily : Piceoideae
Genre : Spruce trees ( Picea )
Subgenus : Picea
Section : Picea
Type : Sakhalin spruce
Scientific name
Picea glehnii
( F. Schmidt ) mast.

The Sakhalin spruce ( Picea glehnii ) is a species from the pine family (Pinaceae). It is native to eastern Russia as well as Japan.

description

Branches with needles
bark

The Sakhalin spruce grows as an evergreen tree that can reach heights of growth of up to 30 meters and diameters of up to 1 meter at chest height . The gray-brown bark is furrowed and flakes off in scales. The red-brown, grooved branch bark is densely covered with brownish, downy hair.

The dark green needles are on pulvini 0.6 to 0.7 millimeter long . The leathery needles are square shaped with a length of 0.8 to 1.2 centimeters and a width of about 0.1 centimeter. Its tip is pointed. There are two clearly recognizable, white stomatal ligaments on the top of the needle . The two stomatal ligaments on the underside of the needle are inconspicuous and difficult to see. Each needle has two resin channels.

The Sakhalin spruce is single-sexed ( monoecious ) and the flowering time is in June. The red-brown male cones stand on an approximately 0.2 centimeter long, thin stem and are cylindrical in shape with a length of 0.7 to 1.4 centimeters and a thickness of around 0.4 centimeters. The half-seated cones are cylindrical in shape with a length of 3 to 5 centimeters and a thickness of 2 to 2.5 centimeters. They are initially dark red-purple and turn brown as they ripen in September. The numerous, woody cone scales are spherical to obovate and are 0.8 to 1 centimeter long and just as wide. Their base tapers in a wedge shape. The light brown, obovate seeds are about 3 millimeters long and about 1.5 millimeters wide. They have an obovate, light brown wing which is 5 to 6 millimeters long and 3 to 4 millimeters wide.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.

Distribution and location

The natural range of the Sakhalin spruce is in eastern Russia and Japan. In Russia, it includes the southern part of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands . In Japan, the species is found on the Kuriles, on Hokkaidō and in the northern part of Honshū .

The Sakhalin spruce thrives at altitudes of up to 1,600 meters.

It is classified as "not endangered" in the IUCN Red List . It is pointed out, however, that a new review of the hazard is necessary.

use

The Sakhalin spruce is planted as an ornamental wood.

Systematics

Picea glehnii is assigned within the genus of the spruce trees ( Picea ) to the subgenus Picea , the section Picea , the subsection Marianae and the Rubentes series .

The first description as Abies glehnii was carried out in 1868 by Karl Friedrich Schmidt in "Travels in the Amur country and on the island of Sakhalin on behalf of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society", pages 176-177. Maxwell Tylden Masters transferred the species as Picea glehnii in 1880 in The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series , volume 13, page 300 in the genus Picea . The specific epithet glehnii honors the German-Baltic botanist Peter von Glehn who discovered the species. A synonym for Picea glehnii (F. Schmidt) mast. is Pinus glehnii (F. Schmidt) Voss .

The species is divided into up to two forms :

  • Picea glehnii f. chlorocarpa Miyabe & Kudô has cones that are green to greenish-yellow in color when ripe.
  • Picea glehnii f. glehnii is the nominate form

swell

  • Christopher J. Earle: Picea glehnii. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, November 28, 2012, accessed May 3, 2013 .

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g Christopher J. Earle: Picea glehnii. In: The Gymnosperm Database. www.conifers.org, November 28, 2012, accessed May 3, 2013 .
  2. Picea glehnii in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2012. Posted by: Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Retrieved on May 3, 2013.
  3. Picea glehnii. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network. www.ars-grin.gov, accessed on May 3, 2013 (English).
  4. a b Friedrich Karl Schmidt: Travels in the Amur country and on the Sakhalin island carried out on behalf of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society. Botanical part. Page 176–177. ( [1] ).
  5. a b Picea glehnii at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed May 3, 2013.

Web links

Commons : Sakhalin Spruce  - Collection of images, videos and audio files