Salamat (river)
| Salamat | ||
 Course of the Salamat in the catchment area of the Shari |
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| Data | ||
| location |
 Chad Sudan
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| River system | Shari | |
| Drain over | Shari → Lake Chad | |
| Headwaters | Darfur | |
| muzzle | in the Shari north of Sarh Coordinates: 9 ° 27 '23 " N , 18 ° 5' 38" E 9 ° 27 '23 " N , 18 ° 5' 38" E
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| Catchment area | 90,000 km² | |
| Discharge at the Am-Timan gauge (1537800) A Eo : 84,500 km² |
MNQ 1953–1976 MQ 1953–1976 Mq 1953–1976 MHQ 1953–1976 HHQ (max. Month Ø) |
0 l / s 31 m³ / s 0.4 l / (s km²) 170 m³ / s 340 m³ / s |
| Flowing lakes | Iro lake | |
| Medium-sized cities | Am Timan (30,443 inhabitants, 2008) | |
The Salamat (Arabic: Bahr Salamat ) is a seasonal river in the Sahel region . It is a tributary of the Shari , the main tributary of Lake Chad . It rises in Sudan and flows through Chad . In its upper reaches it is known as Bahr Azoum . The Arabic word Bahr means something like sea or masses of water. The river crosses the city of Am Timan and the Bahr Salamat species protection area (also Zakouma National Park ).
geography
The river has its sources in Darfur, Sudan . Older literature sources sometimes give the Wadai region as the source area. It arises from the confluence of a large number of small streams that flow seasonally. The Bahr Azoum, which rises in Darfur, is the most important source river, but is a dry wadi for most of the year, but also creates spectacular floods in the rainy season. After the city of Am Timan, the river divides into a western (Bahr Bola) and an eastern arm and flows around Lake Iro . A part of the eastern arm flows into this, which from here bears the name Salamat. To the north of the lake is the Zakouma National Park , about halfway between the lake and the town of Am Timan.
Further on on their way towards the west-southwest, the two arms reunite and meander through savannah country until they finally flow on the right bank of the Chari River, about fifty kilometers downstream from the city of Sarh (formerly Fort Archambault). On their way through the southern Chad basin, the Aouk and Salamat cross a plain that they flood extensively in the rainy season of the West African monsoons . This flood plain was declared under the title Plaines d'inondation des Bahr Aouk et Salamat on an area of 4,922,000 hectares as a wetland of international importance and placed under the protection of the Ramsar Convention .
Hydrometry
The water load was measured in m³ / s in Am Timan for 23 years (1953–76). There the average annual flow in this period was 31 m³ / s for an area of 84,500 km², 90% of the entire catchment area.
literature
- ↑ a b GRDC - measuring station in Am Timan
- ^ Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, 1888
- ↑ Chad Designates Enormous Wetland Reserve (English)