Shamsu-iluna

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Šamšu-iluna (also Samsu-iluna , Schamschu-iluna ) was from 1749 to 1712 BC. BC (middle chronology) King of Babylonia . He was the son of Hammurabi and ruled for about 35 years. Sources for his reign include year names that assign events to certain years of his reign.

government

Shortly after his accession to the throne, Samsu-iluna canceled the debts of those obliged to pay taxes to the crown and decreed that they could not be collected by force. This is attested by a letter from Šamšu-iluna to a high official named Etel-pi-Marduk, dated to the early years of his reign.

In the 9th year of the reign, Kassite tribes invaded Mesopotamia. Šamšu-iluna was able to repel them and shortly afterwards built the fortress town Dur-Šamšu-iluna on the Diyala , the main immigration area of ​​the Kassite tribes, which were first mentioned in Babylonian sources under Šamšu-iluna.

Rim-Sin II rose as king in Larsa . Then Šamšu-iluna moved against the cities of Ur , Uruk and Isin .

  • In the 14th year of Šamšu-iluna's reign, Rim-Sin was defeated near Kiš and the walls of the rebellious cities Ur, Uruk and Isin were torn down.
  • In his 20th year of reign (1730 BC according to the middle chronology), Šamšu-iluna defeated Ešnunna .
  • 23rd year: Victory over the king Jakūn-Ašar of the country Apum with the capital Šehna
  • 26th year (1724 BC): Quarrying stones on the Great Mountain in the land of the Amurrites ( Jabal Bishri ?). Cuneiform tablets are known from Haradum , south of Mari , bearing the Babylonian year names, beginning in the 26th year of Samsuiluna.
  • 27th year: Victory over Jadi-Abum of Terqa and Mūtihuršāna, "kings who had become hostile to him".
  • 33rd year: Buildings in Saggarātum (1718 BC)
  • 36th year: Victory over the army of the land of Ammurru and its villages in the mountains

It is unknown whether this resulted in a permanent presence on the central Euphrates. Šamšu-iluna conquered Idamaraz , which possibly led to an increase in slaves from this area. Šamšu-iluna then passed a law that guaranteed freedom for the people of Idamaraz and Arrapcha .

Towards the end of his reign he took action against Ili-ma-ilu , who had founded his own dynasty in the Meerland - the so-called Meerland Dynasty . Probably at this time Nippur also fell off.

literature

  • Horst Klengel : King Hammurabi and the everyday life of Babylon . Artemis, Zurich / Munich 1991, ISBN 3-7632-3988-X , pp. 63 ff., 144 f., 148, 158 f., 162, 164, 175, 216, 230, 235 f., 254 ff., 274.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Amanda H. Podany: The Land of Ḫana. Kings, chronology and scribal tradition. CDL-Press, Bethesda 2002, p. 19.
  2. ↑ Amanda H. Podany: The Land of Hana. Kings, chronology and scribal tradition. CDL-Press, Bethesda 2002, p. 5.
predecessor Office successor
Hammurabi King of Babylonia
1749–1712 BC Chr. 		Abi-ēšuḫ
personal data
SURNAME Shamsu-iluna
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Babylonia
DATE OF BIRTH before 1749 BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH after 1712 BC Chr.