Santa Marta wren
| Santa Marta wren | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Troglodytes monticola | ||||||||||||
| Bangs , 1899 |
The Santa Marta wren ( Troglodytes monticola ) is a rare, little-researched songbird from the family of the wren (Troglodytidae). He is in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in northern Colombia's endemic .
features
The body length is approximately 11.5 cm. The over-eye stripe is yellow-brown and the eye ring is cinnamon-brown-white. The skull and the top are reddish brown. The back, the arm and the hand wings are banded blackish. The brown control springs have black transverse straps. The chin is light yellow-brown. The throat and chest are cinnamon brown. The flanks are cinnamon brown and white with distinct dark brown bands. The rump is white with blackish bands. The iris is brown, the beak is dark brown, lighter at the base. The legs are brownish. The sexes are similar. The juvenile birds are similar to the adult birds, but they have dark feather tips on the back and underside.
Vocalizations
There is no record of the singing. The contact call consists of a constantly reproduced di-di .
Habitat and way of life
The Santa Marta wren inhabits the edges of elven forests , undergrowth at the tree line and the páramo at altitudes of 3200 to 4800 m. Nothing is known about its diet. It searches for food between the forest floor level and the middle tree level. Its reproductive behavior has not been researched.
Hazard and protection
Known from collections that were carried out in 1922 in an area rarely visited by ornithologists, this species remained undocumented until it was rediscovered in the Río-Frío Valley in 2000 . A couple could be observed up until 2001. In 2011, a targeted search found 17 individuals and in 2015 several pairs were observed. The total population is believed to be less than 250 adult individuals. Even at the beginning of the 20th century, habitat degradation was recorded in the páramos at the tree line, and habitats in the Río-Frío Valley continue to be affected by fire and overgrazing. The known distribution area is largely in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta National Park, but despite the statutory protection status, the destruction of forests, overgrazing and slash- and- burn continues almost unabated. The national park has only been regarded as a nature reserve since 2005. There is therefore an urgent need to search for the remaining populations of this species and to improve the protection of the Páramos in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta National Park. 1988 took IUCN the Santa Marta Wren in the category "not at risk" ( least concern ) that in 2005 the state was in "at risk" ( vulnerable ) and 2011 in "danger of extinction" ( critically endangered ) changed.
Etymology and history of research
The first description of the Santa Marta Wren was made in 1899 by Outram Bangs under the scientific name Troglodytes monticola . The type specimen was collected by Wilmot Wood Brown, Jr. (1868-1953) in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. As early as 1809, Louis Pierre Vieillot introduced the genus Troglodytes, which was new to science . This name is derived from "trōglē, trōgō κτρωγλη, τρωγω " for "cave, gnaw" and "-dutēs, duō -δυτης, δυω " for "diving, immersing". The species name "monticola" is a Latin word formation from "mons, montis" for "mountain" and "-cola, colere" for "-habiting, resident".
literature
- Louis Pierre Vieillot: Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de l'Amérique Septentrionale, contenant un grand nombre d'espèces décrites ou figurées pour la première fois . 2 (delivery 18). Chez Desray, Paris 1809 ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1807-1809).
- Outram Bangs: On some new or rare birds from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 13 , 1899, pp. 91-108 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- WE Todd, MA Carricker: The birds of the Santa Marta region of Colombia: a study in altitudinal distribution. Annals of the Carnegie Museum 14, 1922, pp. 417-418
- Ralf Strewe, Cristobal Navarro: The threatened birds of the Río Frío Valley, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Cotinga 22, 2004, pp. 47-55
- James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
- Edward Clive Dickinson , Leslie K. Overstreet, Robert Jack Dowsett, Murray Duncan Bruce: Priority! The Dating of Scientific Names in Ornithology . Aves Press Limited, Northampton 2012, ISBN 978-0-9568611-1-5 .
- Juan Carlos Luna & Alonso Quevedo: Primera fotografía en su habitat y nuevo avistamiento del Cucarachero de Santa Marta Troglodytes monticola, especie en Peligro Crítico. , Conservación Colombiana No. 17, 2012, pp. 31-32
- Donald Kroodsma, David Brewer & Christopher J. Sharpe: Santa Marta Wren (Troglodytes monticola). In: J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, DA Christie & E. de Juana (eds.): Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, 2020, accessed January 26, 2020 (English, subscription required)
Web links
- Santa Marta Wren videos, photos and sound recordings in the Internet Bird Collection
- Troglodytes monticola inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019.3. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2018. Retrieved January 26, 2020.
- Photos at eBird
Individual evidence
Remarks
- ↑ Vieillot categorized the house wren ( Troglodytes aedon ) and the reed warbler ( Acrocephalus arundinaceus ) in the new genus.
- ↑ For the history of the publication see Edward Clive Dickinson u. a. P. 157.