Louis Pierre Vieillot

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Entry of the death of Louis Pierre Vieillot on August 24, 1830 in Sotteville-lès-Rouen
Entry of the baptism of Louis Pierre Vieillot on May 12, 1748 in Yvetot

Louis Pierre Vieillot , often incorrectly Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot , (born May 10, 1748 in Yvetot in Haute-Normandie , † August 24, 1830 in Sotteville-lès-Rouen ) was a French ornithologist . Vieillot was the first to describe a variety of birds , especially those he observed on his voyage to the Caribbean and North America . There are still 26 bird genera , which he published , has in scientific use. He was one of the first ornithologists to study feather change in particular and the behavior of birds in nature and their anatomy.

Live and act

Vieillot was born in Yvetot. He did business on the island of Hispaniola , which is now shared between Haiti and the Dominican Republic . However, during the French Revolution he had to flee to the United States . Here he began to study the birds of North America for almost ten years and collected material for his work Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de l'Amérique septentrionale (1807/08).

He returned to France in 1800 , where he got a post as author of the Bulletin des Lois . But Vieillot continued to write about birds, he published Histoire naturelle et générale des colibris, oiseaux-mouches, jacamars et promerops (1802) with illustrations by his friend Jean-Baptiste Audebert , followed by Histoire naturelle des plus beaux oiseaux chanteurs de la zone torride ( 1805).

With Analyze d'une nouvelle ornithologie élémentaire (1816) he developed the ornithological systematization that is still used today , which he continued and expanded in further contributions to the Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle (1816–1819). In 1820 he continued the Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique begun in 1790 by Pierre Joseph Bonnaterre . He also wrote Faune française (1820–30).

He died in poverty and left a widow.

Dedication names

Vieillots is honored today with some zoological names, for example William Elford Leach used his name in 1815 in the specific epithet of the blood-breasted bearded bird Lybius vieilloti . For him, the common name Vieillot's Barbet found its way into English literature . Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte corrected the name Saurothera vetula ( Lafresnaye & Vieillot ) in his Conspectus generum avium in 1850 to Saurothera vieilloti for the Puerto Rican cuckoo ( Coccyzus vieilloti ), as Linnaeus used it as early as 1758 for the Jamaican cuckoo ( Coccyzus vetula ).

In his Oiseaux dorés ou à reflets métalliques from 1802, Vieillot described and illustrated the hummingbird L'Oiseau-mouche à ventre gris . This was recognized by George Shaw in 1812 as a separate species and today has the status of a subspecies of the dwarf fishes ( Mellisuga minima vielloti ), which also occurs in English literature as Viellot's Hummingbird . Since Shaw was constantly spelling the name incorrectly, the incorrect spelling of the name is valid today according to the International Rules for Zoological Nomenclature . Three years earlier, Shaw had described the Viellotine Hawk Falco Viellotinus . He chose the name because Charles Nicolas Sigisbert Sonnini de Manoncourt (1751-1812) in his description of Le Petit Malfini pointed out that it was Vieillot who pointed out the difference to other species known at the time. Today the name is considered a synonym for the corner-tailed cattle ( Accipiter striatus Vieillot , 1808). Frédéric de Lafresnaye also paid his respects to him in 1848 with the scientific name of a subspecies of the cinnamon tyrant ( Pyrrhomyias cinnamomeus vieillotioides ). With the name Tangara mexicana vieilloti , a subspecies of the turquoise tangare , Philip Lutley Sclater revised an analysis by Bonaparte from 1851 in 1856 and honored the man who first described it in his Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle as Tanagra flaviventris .

Charles Payraudeau named a species of the top snail Monodonta Vieillotii in his work Catalog descriptif et méthodique des annelides et des mollusques de l'ile de Corse in 1826 , which he dedicated to the ornithologist Vieillot. This species is now considered an invalid taxon and it could be a synonym for Clanculus cruciatus or Homalopoma sanguineus .

Works (selection)

  • Histoire naturelle des plus beaux oiseaux chanteurs de la zone torride. Dufour, Paris 1805.
  • Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de l'Amérique septentrionale. Desray, Paris 1807/08.
  • Analysis d'une nouvelle ornithologie élémentaire. d'Éterville, Paris 1816.
  • Mémoire pour servir à l'histoire des oiseaux d'Europe. Turin 1816.
  • Ornithology. Lanoe, Paris 1818.
  • Faune française ou Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière des animaux qui se trouvent en France. Le Vrault & Rapet, Paris, Strasburg, Brussels 1820–30.
  • La gallery des oiseaux du cabinet d'histoire naturelle du jardin du roi. Aillard & Constant-Chantpie, Paris 1822-25.
  • Ornithology française ou Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière des oiseaux de France. Pelicier, Paris 1830.

literature

  • Paul Henry Oehser: Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot (1748-1831) . In: The Auk . tape 65 , no. 4 , 1948, pp. 568-576 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 597 kB ]).
  • René Primevère Lesson : Necrology . In: Bulletin des Sciences Naturelles et de Geologie . tape 65 , no. 25 , 1831, pp. 365-366 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Erwin Stresemann: The development of the ornithology Aristotle up to the present . Aula-Verlag, Wiesbaden 1996, ISBN 3-89104-588-3 .
  • William Elford Leach: The zoological miscellany: being descriptions of new, or interesting animals or other things . tape 2 . Mc Millan, London 1815 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte: Conspectus generum avium . tape 1 . Lugduni Batavorum, Leiden 1850 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • George Shaw: General zoology, or Systematic natural history . tape 7 . Thomas Davison, London 1809 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • George Shaw: General zoology, or Systematic natural history . tape 8 . Thomas Davison, London 1812 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Frédéric de Lafresnaye: Sur le genre Psittacula et sur quelques nouvelles espèces d'oiseaux de Columbie et du Mexique . In: Revue Zoologique par La Société Cuvierienne . tape 11 , 1848, p. 170-176 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Philip Lutley Sclater: Synopsis Avium Tanagrinarum - A descriptive Catalog of the known species of Tanagers . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 24 , 1856, pp. 230-281 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Benjamin Charles Marie Payraudeau: Catalog descriptif et méthodique des annelides et des mollusques de l'ile de Corse avec huit planches représentant quatre-vingt-huit espéces, dont soixante-huit nouvelles. J. Tastu, Paris 1826 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Charles Nicolas Sigisbert Sonnini de Manoncourt: Histoire naturelle des Oiseaux, by Leclerc de Deffon; Augmenté de notes, d'additions considérables, et mise au courant des connoissances actuelles; abec un grand nombre de Figures des Oiseaux les plus connus, gravées d'après les Dessins de Barrarand. Ouvrage formant une Ornithologie complette. tape 3 . de limprimerie de F. Dufarte, London 1801 ( limited preview in the Google book search).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Erwin Stresemann, p. 382
  2. ^ William Elford Leach, p. 104
  3. ^ Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, p. 97
  4. ↑ Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot, p. 119
  5. ↑ George Shaw (1812), p. 347
  6. ↑ Mellisuga minima vielloti Nomenclature
  7. ↑ George Shaw (1809), p. 204
  8. ^ Charles Nicolas Sigisbert Sonnini de Manoncourt, p. 68
  9. ↑ Frédéric de Lafresnaye, p. 174
  10. ^ Philip Lutley Sclater, p. 257
  11. ^ Benjamin Charles Marie Payraudeau, p. 135

Remarks

  1. ↑ In the literature the year and place of death are always given as "1831 in Rouen". This error goes back to René Primevère Lesson's obituary from 1831. The sentence M. Vieillot, le doyen des ornithologistes, vient de mourir à Rouen. but does not say anything about the actual year of death. The entry of his death clearly identifies August 24, 1830 and Sotteville-lès-Rouen. The entry is from August 25th, but according to the entry he died the day before at 5 p.m. - One often finds Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot as a name. This is probably due to Howard Saunders , who in the foreword to Vieillot's Analyze d'une nouvelle ornithologie élémentaire (1883) perhaps got confused with Jean Baptiste Audebert .
personal data
SURNAME Vieillot, Louis Pierre
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Vieillot, Louis Jean Pierre (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French ornithologist
DATE OF BIRTH May 10, 1748
PLACE OF BIRTH Yvetot , Upper Normandy
DATE OF DEATH August 24, 1830
Place of death Sotteville-lès-Rouen