Sarmizegetusa Regia
Coordinates: 45 ° 37 ′ 22 ″ N , 23 ° 18 ′ 37 ″ E
Sarmizegetusa Regia , also Sarmizegetusa (not to be confused with the Roman colony Ulpia Traiana Augusta Dacica Sarmizegetusa ) was a military base and capital of the ancient Dacian Empire until it was destroyed in the second Dacian War of the Roman Emperor Trajan in 106 .
Location and cultural area
The archaeological site is located in the Broos Mountains near the Romanian city of Orăştie in the Hunedoara district ( Transylvania ) in the area of the incorporated village of Grădiştea de Munte of the Orăştioara de Sus municipality . Rich deposits of copper, gold and iron in the Hunedoara district have promoted extensive trade and lively cultural exchange since the settlement in the Neolithic. Archaeological finds since the Bronze Age attest to connections between the cultures of Lausitz in the north, the Greeks in the south, the western Urnfield culture and the Black Sea.
Archeology and history
The former Dacian settlement has been excavated since the 18th century. In Sarmizegetusa, important temple complexes were uncovered east of the central fortress. The city is classified as Thracian , to which the tribe of the Dacians is assigned, who presumably conquered the area under Burebista from the Boians .
Sarmizegetusa Regia was from about 80 BC. A commercial, economic and religious center of the Dacian state until AD 106. This place was secured by a ring of individual fortresses with the center Sarmizegetusa.
Since 1995 there has been a cooperation between the Ancient History Institute of the University of Cologne and, on the part of Romania, the National Museum of the History of Transylvania and the Babeș-Bolyai University of Cluj .
The six fortresses Sarmizegetusa ( ⊙ ), Costeşti-Blidaru ( ⊙ ), Costeşti-Cetățuie ( ⊙ ), Căpâlna ( ⊙ ), Piatra Roşie ( ⊙ ), and Bănița ( ⊙ ) were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1999 .
The Romans built the veteran colony Colonia Ulpia Traiana Augusta Dacica Sarmizegetusa, which was only named with a related name, about 40 kilometers southeast, which was first simply called Colonia Dacica .
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Konrad Gündisch: "Capitals" in Transylvania. In Harald Heppner: capitals between the Save, Bosporus and Dnieper. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 1998, pp. 51–83, on p. 53.
