Reșița

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Reșița
Reschitza / Reschitz
Resicabánya
Решица / Rešica
Reșița coat of arms
Reșița (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Caraș-Severin
Coordinates : 45 ° 19 '  N , 21 ° 53'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 18 '53 "  N , 21 ° 52' 30"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 208  m
Residents : 73,282 (October 20, 2011)
Postal code : 320xxx
Telephone code : (+40) 02 55
License plate : CS
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : Municipality
Structure : Reșița, Câlnic , Cuptoare , Doman , Moniom , Secu , Țerova
Mayor : Ioan Popa ( PNL )
Postal address : Piața 1 Dec 1918, no. 1 A
loc. Reșița, jud. Caraș-Severin, RO-320084
Website :
Location of Reșița in the Caraș-Severin County

Reșița [ ˈrɛʃit͡sa ] ( German  Reschitza or Reschitz , Serbo-Croatian Rešica , Serbian - Cyrillic Решица , Hungarian Resicabánya ) is a city in Romania . It is the administrative seat of the Caraș-Severin County in the Banat Mountains .

Geographical location

Reșița is located in the northwest of the Caraș-Severin County, on the middle reaches of the Bârzava River , in the Dognecea Mountains at the confluence of the Drum național 58B into the Drum național 58 . The city is an important iron and steel district with a traditional ironworks with blast furnaces . Electrical appliances , chemicals , machines and metals are manufactured here. Finds from Neolithic and Roman times prove that the area of ​​the present-day city has been inhabited for a long time. In the 18th century, Reșița became a metalworking center with the construction of a foundry.

Neighboring places

Bocșa Ezeriș Caransebeş
Dognecea Neighboring communities Secu
Oreşe Carașova Văliug

economy

Reșița (red square) - Romania - Neighboring towns: Timișoara , Hunedoara , Drobeta Turnu Severin , Smederevo ( Serbia )

The company, which has been run as the Romanian parade steelworks for decades, goes back to the establishment of the privately owned Austrian State Railroad Company in 1855. Until 1918, however, only seven steam locomotives were manufactured in Reșița, and significant locomotive production did not begin until the 1920s. Reșița produced steam locomotives until around 1960, including numerous replicas of German locomotive designs and, as the class 764.4, a modification of the MÁVAG type 70 for forest railways. This series is interesting insofar as numerous examples of this series have been used by museum and tourist railways throughout Europe (including Serbia, Hungary, Austria, the Czech Republic, Great Britain, France and Germany).

Since 2008, the steelworks has been in the sole ownership of TMK Europe GmbH in Düsseldorf, a subsidiary of the Russian TMK , and mainly produces pipe billets that are used to manufacture seamless pipes.

In 1945 a car called Malaxa was built in Reșița , named after the Romanian industrialist Nicolae Malaxa . Production soon had to be discontinued as the plants were moved to the Soviet Union.

It was not until 1988 that the Reșița tram opened - mainly for reasons of energy savings - and it ran across the valley until 2011. In Resita 21 trams were of the type GT8 the company DUEWAG composed from 1996 Dortmund were taken, in addition trams from Frankfurt .

Demographics

census Ethnicity
year Residents Romanians Hungary German Other
1880 14,616 6557 592 5428 2039
1890 18,448 6876 967 8150 2455
1910 23,625 8465 2814 10471 1875
1930 25,307 10,023 2217 11,488 1579
1941 30,996 14,129 1944 12,815 2108
1977 84,786 67,388 4522 9650 3226
1992 96,918 84,874 3781 5046 3217
2002 84.026 76,250 2701 2341 2734
2011 73.282 59,832 1553 1255 10,642

Attractions

  • Open-air steam locomotive museum with the oldest locomotive built in Reșița (1872)
  • History museum with important archaeological exhibits from the field of ore mining and metallurgy.
  • The Reșița material ropeway is a symbol of the city.

University City

In 1971 the Institute for Production Engineers was founded in Reșița as a branch of the Polytechnic University of Timișoara . The aim was to meet an acute need of the heavy industry in the Banat Uplands on site: to train production engineers for metallurgy, mechanical engineering and mining, specialists for laboratory analyzes, etc.

20 years later, the independent university "Eftimie Murgu" was founded. The university owes its name to the orthodox pastor and revolutionary of the 1848s, who was involved in the Banat national movement of Romanians. In addition to traditional engineering , management , theology , business administration and accounting as well as public administration are also taught today .

A bribery and sex scandal was uncovered at the university in July 2015. An initially threatened closure of the university does not appear to take place. In contrast, the Ministry of Education approved 437 places for Bachelor and Master’s courses in the 2019/2020 academic year; 510 candidates applied for this in the 2019 summer semester.

sons and daughters of the town

gallery

  • Reșița in winter

  • Southern part of the city, the material cable car at the bottom right

  • Steel mill

  • Reșița

  • Museum "Montanbanat"

See also

literature

  • W (ilhelm Otto) Hostmann: The narrow-gauge railway systems of the kk priv. Oester. State railway company owned iron works Reschitza (Hungary) . In: W (ilhelm Otto) Hostmann (Hrsg.), Richard Koch (Hrsg.): Journal for the entire local and tram system: notifications about local railways, especially narrow-gauge railways . First vintage. Bergmann, Wiesbaden 1882, pp. 26-39. - Full text online .
  • Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe München GmbH, Munich, 2011, 670 pages, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .

Web links

Commons : Reșița  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
  3. ↑ Hostmann: The narrow-gauge railway systems of the kk priv. Oester. State Railway Company owned iron works Reschitza (Hungary) , p. 26.
  4. ↑ kia.hu (PDF; 858 kB), E. Varga: Statistics of the number of inhabitants by ethnicity in the Caraș-Severin district according to censuses from 1880 - 2002
  5. ↑ adz.ro , ADF , Werner Kremm : Three honorary doctors of the 40th anniversary. Education Minister Daniel Funeriu at the "Eftimie Murgu" University in Reschitza , October 17, 2011
  6. ^ Website UEM Universitatea "Eftimie Murgu" , accessed July 29, 2019
  7. ↑ Werner Stöckl at banaterra.eu
  8. ↑ Teodora Ungureanu at romanian-gymnastics.com
  9. ↑ Marius Moraru in conversation with Luminița Dobrescu, on June 15, 2009 at caon.ro (Romanian)