Oțelu Roșu

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Oțelu Roșu
Ferdinandsberg
Nándorhegy
Coat of arms of Oțelu Roșu
Oțelu Roșu (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Caraș-Severin
Coordinates : 45 ° 31 '  N , 22 ° 21'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 31 '4 "  N , 22 ° 21' 6"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 268  m
Area : 63.81  km²
Residents : 10,510 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 165 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 325700
Telephone code : (+40) 02 55
License plate : CS
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : city
Structure : 2 districts / cadastral communities: Cireșa , Mal
Mayor : Luca Mălăiescu ( PSD )
Postal address : St. Rozelor, no. 2
loc. Oțelu Roșu, jud. Caraș-Severin, RO-325700
Website :
Location of Oțelu Roșu in the Caraș-Severin County

Oțelu Roșu ( German  Ferdinandsberg , Hungarian Nándorhegy ) is a town in the Caraș-Severin County , Banat , Romania .

Geographical location

Oțelu Roșu is located in the Banat between the Țarcu Mountains in the south and the Poiana Ruscă Mountains in the north on the Bistra River . The district capital Reșița is located about 45 km southwest (as the crow flies).

Neighboring places

Nădrag Poiana Ruscă Mountains Rusca Montana
Peştere Neighboring communities Zăvoi
Glimboca Țarcu Mountains Magura

history

The oldest archaeological finds in the area around the city date from the Upper Paleolithic . At the time of the rule of the Roman Empire , an important trade route ran through the valley of the Bistra. The oldest part of today's city is the Ohaba Bistra settlement , which has been documented since the 15th century. The region was then part of the Kingdom of Hungary . The two now incorporated places Mal and Cireșa were first mentioned in the 16th century (1561 and 1580). At the end of the 17th century, the region came under Ottoman rule, before the Banat became part of Austria-Hungary . Ohaba Bistra became part of the Habsburg military frontier ; the village received temporary military administration. Intensive mining for metal ores began in the 18th century. It was mainly Germans and Austrians who settled here, who in 1807 founded an ironworks and the Ferdinandsberg settlement on the right bank of the Bistra - opposite Ohaba Bistra . As a result, metallurgy shaped this place. In 1848 Hungarian revolutionaries briefly took over the rule, renamed the Ferdinandsberg after the Polish-Hungarian revolutionary Józef Bem in Bemhegy . After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise in 1867 and the subsequent Magyarization , Ferdinandsberg was given the Hungarian name Nándorhegy . The rapid economic development and the need for trained workers led to the influx of workers from other regions of the Habsburg Empire, especially from Slovaks , Hungarians and Italians . As a result of the First World War , most of the Banat and thus also Ohaba Bistra and Ferdinandsberg came to Romania. The place name Nándorhegy was initially changed back to Ferdinandsberg, and in 1924 to Ferdinand . After mainly Catholics lived in this place at first, a Romanian Orthodox Church was built for the Romanians at the end of the 1930s . In 1943 both places were administratively combined under the name Ferdinand-Bistra , and separated again at the end of the war in 1945. After the communists came to power , the reunited community was given the ideologized name Oțelu Roşu (literally: "Red Steel") in 1948 . In 1960 it was declared a city. Metal processing is still the most important branch of the economy, even if some of the production facilities were closed after the 1989 revolution .

In the recent past there was another name change process; the city was to be renamed Ohaba-Ferdinand ; after the approval of the Romanian Chamber of Deputies , the Senate rejected the project in June 2007.

population

In 1880, 2806 people lived in the area of ​​today's city, 1195 of them in what was then Nándorhegy, 770 in Ohaba Bistra, 397 in Cireșa and 444 in Mal. The last three places mentioned were mainly inhabited by Romanians. 442 Germans, 400 Slovaks , 224 Romanians and 18 Hungarians lived in Nándorhegy . As a result, the population increased; In 1992 the maximum was reached with 13,056. In the 2002 census, 11,749 inhabitants were registered, 10,554 of them in the city proper and 1195 in the two incorporated villages. 10,596 identified themselves as Romanians, 476 each as Hungarians and Germans, 98 as Roma , 37 as Ukrainians and 17 as Slovaks.

traffic

The Caransebeş – Bouțari – Subcetate railway , which only runs from Caransebeş to Bouțari , runs through Oțelu Roşu . Local trains ran in both directions until at least 2009; the train service is currently suspended. Furthermore, the national road 68 runs from Caransebeş to Subcetate through the city. There are regular connections to Caransebeş by minibus .

Attractions

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Oțelu Roșu  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
  3. ^ Website of the city, accessed on February 12, 2016 ( Memento from October 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ^ Website of the Chamber of Deputies, accessed on December 22, 2009
  5. ↑ 2002 census, accessed on January 5, 2008 (PDF; 858 kB)