Văliug

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Văliug
Franzdorf
Ferenczfalva
Văliug coat of arms
Văliug (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Caraș-Severin
Coordinates : 45 ° 14 '  N , 22 ° 2'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 13 '30 "  N , 22 ° 1' 46"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 550  m
Area : 8.20  km²
Residents : 741 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 90 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 327415
Telephone code : (+40) 02 55
License plate : CS
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Mayor : Gheorghe-Sorin Blaga ( PNL )
Postal address : Str. Principală, no. 56
loc. Văliug, jud. Caraș-Severin, RO-327415
Website :
Location of Văliug in Caraș-Severin County

Văliug ( German Franzdorf , Hungarian Ferenczfalva ) is a municipality in the Caraș-Severin County , Banat , Romania . It is located in the valley of the Bârzava river at an altitude of 550  m , in the Banat Uplands , at the foot of the Semenic Mountains .

Neighboring places

Secu Semenic Mountains Semenic Mountains
Doman Neighboring communities Brebu Nou
Carașova Semenic-Cheile Carașului National Park Garana

history

Mentioned for the first time in 1792 under the name Franzdorf , the place will bear this name until the Banat was divided into three (1919). After the First World War , when the eastern part of the Banat - including the area around Reșița - fell to Romania, the place was named Văliug .

Franzdorf was founded in 1753 by the settlement of 71 German families from the Salzkammergut in Austria , who had been called by the territorial administration to work in coal production. The coal was needed for the iron and steel works in Reșita. As a result, the settlers were mainly charcoal burners by profession. They gave the place the name Franzdorf after Franz I , Emperor of Austria and from 1792 to 1835 King of Bohemia , Croatia and Hungary . In 1795 Romanians from Oltenia who had fled the Turks came and settled in the village. They built their houses on the mountainside above and below the German settlement.

After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise (1867), the Banat was annexed to the Kingdom of Hungary within the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary .

At the beginning of the 20th century the law for the Magyarization of place names (Ga. 4/1898) was implemented. The official place name was Ferenczfalva . The Hungarian place names remained valid in the Kingdom of Romania until the administrative reform of 1923 when the Romanian place names were introduced.

The Treaty of Trianon on June 4, 1920 resulted in the Banat being divided into three parts , whereby Văliug fell to the Kingdom of Romania .

Cultural life

In the year of settlement, 1753, the first school was built. The first teacher was Anton Josef Priklmayer, who worked until 1808. In 1807 a new school was built, which served its original purpose until 1962. The language of instruction was German. The first wooden prayer house was built in the year of settlement. The first priest was Benedict Braun, who provided pastoral care to the community until 1818. In 1861 the new Roman Catholic Church was consecrated.

economy

The rapid development of the industry in Reşita required the construction of a paved road for the transport of wood and charcoal. In 1802, the Văliug – Reşita road was built. In 1803 the first blast furnace went into operation in the Hommerschupfen district . In 1855 the road Văliug– Wolfsberg was built, it was extended from 1899–1903 to Slatina via Brebu Nou (dt. Weidenthal ), which enabled access to Caransebeş and Băile Herculane (dt. Hercules bath ). All of this meant that new workers were needed. Between 1858 and 1859 another 40 German families from Austria were settled.

The rafting industry developed in order to facilitate the transport of timber . The wood was now brought to Reșita by water. For this purpose, the Klaus dam was built in 1865 , which established the connection between Văliug and the district of Lend in Reșita.

In 1872 another 20 families came from German colonists who settled in Josefinental ( Rum. Poiana Văliug ). The founder of this colony was Georg Brenan, head of the State Railway Company (StEG) in Reșita, who named this colony after his wife Josefine. The Gozna dam was built between 1949 and 1954.

tourism

After the First World War, a reservoir was built above the village; In 1956 the much larger dam above the village was put into operation. As a result, Franzdorf became a tourist attraction. In the beginning, the place between the two reservoirs was the most popular destination for the residents of Reșița; Soon, however, more and more holiday homes were built, so that tourist groups from different parts of Romania came to Văliug. The place is a starting point for excursions into the Semenic Mountains.

Demographics

census Ethnicity
year Residents Romanians Hungary German Other
1880 2154 1097 23 890 144
1890 2383 1196 13 1044 130
1910 2197 1256 42 878 21st
1930 1618 1036 4th 575 3
1941 1506 1086 10 405 5
1977 1491 1268 27 169 27
1992 1185 1046 18th 109 12
2002 982 881 10 80 11

literature

  • Loidl, Walter. Brief history of the Franzdorf community, 1993, Aschaffenburg, privately published.
  • Mihalik, Sandor. Ferencfalva törtenete, 1900, Timișoara, publisher unknown. 26 pages.
  • Petri, Anton Peter. Place of origin of the Franzdorfer colonists, 1987, Mühldorf / Inn, privately published. 12 pages. Library: AKdFF
  • Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf: The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe München GmbH, Munich, 2011, 670 pages, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
  3. ^ Gerhard Seewann : History of the Germans in Hungary , Volume 2 1860 to 2006, Herder Institute, Marburg 2012
  4. ↑ kia.hu (PDF; 858 kB), E. Varga: Statistics of the number of inhabitants by ethnicity in the Caraș-Severin district according to censuses from 1880 - 2002