Weidenthal (Caraș-Severin district)

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Brebu Nou
Weidenthal
Temesfő
Coat of arms of Weidenthal (Caraș-Severin district)
Weidenthal (Caraș-Severin County) (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Banat
Circle : Caraș-Severin
Coordinates : 45 ° 14 '  N , 22 ° 8'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 13 '45 "  N , 22 ° 8' 20"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 820  m
Area : 30.00  km²
Residents : 119 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 4 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 327051
Telephone code : (+40) 02 55
License plate : CS
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Brebu Nou, Gărâna
Mayor : Buda Ioan ( PSD )
Postal address : Str. Gărâna, no. 66
loc. Brebu Nou, jud. Caraș-Severin, RO-327051
Location of Brebu Nou in Caraș-Severin County
Catholic Church in winter 2010
Front view of the catholic church

Weidenthal ( Romanian Brebu Nou , Hungarian Temesfő ) is a village in the Caraș-Severin district in western Romania . It is the least populous municipality in the entire country (96 inhabitants, as of 2007).

Geographical location

The place is at an altitude of 820  m at the foot of the Semenic Mountains . Weidenthal was founded in spring 1828 by German settlers from the south-western Bohemian Forest .

Neighboring places

Reșița Lindenfeld Caransebeş
Garana Neighboring communities Slatina Timiș
Anina Trei Ape Teregova

history

At the beginning of the 19th century, the glass industry collapsed in Bohemia , and numerous glassblowers , charcoal burners and woodcutters were left without work. A wave of emigration to Bukovina , Galicia and Northern Bohemia began . The commander of the 13th border regiment , Colonel Drasenovich , saw this as an opportunity to settle the sparsely occupied regimental district and obtained a decree from the court war council in Vienna to recruit settlers from the south-west of Bohemia. The emigrants were promised support, ten years of tax exemption , five years of exemption from military service , free travel as well as land, a log house and household appliances. In the autumn of 1827, 56 families wishing to leave the country met at the collection point in Budweis , from where they were brought to Vienna. From then on the journey went by rowing boats on the Danube to Palanka . On the mainland, ox carts went to Slatina-Timiș . In 1828 another 503 families came and settled in Weidenthal, Wolfsberg , Wolfswiese and Lindenfeld .

The clearing work was progressing well, but the soil obtained did not bring the hoped-for yields. In addition, the time came when the settlement debts were reclaimed. The newcomers also came into contact with the inhabitants of the plain and saw what crops were being brought in there. The dissatisfaction grew and so many people from Weidenthal began to turn their backs on their village and settled in Alt-Sadowa , in Wolfswiese or in the Banater Heide. It was not until 1864 that Emperor Franz Joseph I waived the settlement debts of the four villages on a trip to the Banat. In 1872 the military border was dissolved and the border area fell to Hungary . At the same time a civil administration was introduced.

After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise (1867), the Banat was annexed to the Kingdom of Hungary within the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary .

In the first decade of the 20th century, the law for the Magyarization of place names (Ga. 4/1898) was applied, including the Magyarization of all toponyms on maps , land register extracts and city ​​maps . The official place name was Temesfő . The Hungarian place names remained valid until the administrative reform of 1923 in the Kingdom of Romania , when the Romanian place names were introduced.

The Treaty of Trianon on June 4, 1920 resulted in the triple division of the Banat , whereby Brebu Nou fell to the Kingdom of Romania .

At the end of the 1950s, another wave of emigration from Weidenthal began in the Timișoara and Reșița conurbations . The village was left to decay. A change occurred in 1973 when the two mountain villages, Wolfsberg and Weidenthal, were declared a so-called "tourist zone". The law permitted the purchase of a second home within these tourist zones. The Timisoara and Reschitza elite began to buy weekend houses here, which helped the two places to regain momentum. In the 1960s, the wave of villagers emigrating to Germany began . Many residents of Weidenthal have kept their house as a holiday home. Today Weidenthal is a popular place for weekend and holiday homes.

In 1965 the dam was built at Drei Wässer ( Romanian Trei Ape ). The dam is 32 meters high, has an area of ​​45 hectares and holds 5 million cubic meters of water. In 1969 the mountain villages were connected to the power grid.

In the course of a wave of emigration from 1989 to 1992, all but one of the residents of Weidenthal at that time were relocated to Germany (Bavaria). Some of them use their houses as vacation homes.

For motorcycle - Enduro - tourists Weidenthal is a popular stop. EnduRoMania, for example, regularly starts there several times a year.

Demographics

Until the beginning of the Second World War, the German Bohemians in Weidenthal had a population share of around 98 to 99 percent. However, in the 1992 census, the almost total depopulation of the village was found. With the emigration of the Germans, the village gradually turned into a holiday resort and a weekend settlement.

census Ethnicity
year Residents Romanians Hungary German Other
1880 1520 3 1 1515 1
1890 1600 3 - 1592 5
1910 2006 1 13 1989 3
1930 2185 14th 6th 2165 -
1941 2193 15th 5 2167 6th
1977 1588 45 9 1534 -
1992 142 21st 2 119 -
2002 87 44 5 35 3

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Brebu Nou, Caraș-Severin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
  3. ↑ Official German-language name according to Romanian government resolution 1415 of December 6, 2002 ( Official Journal )
  4. ^ Gerhard Seewann : History of the Germans in Hungary , Volume 2 1860 to 2006, Herder Institute, Marburg 2012
  5. ↑ kia.hu (PDF; 858 kB), E. Varga: Statistics of the number of inhabitants by ethnicity in the Caraș-Severin district according to censuses from 1880 - 2002