Berzasca

Berzasca Bersaska Berszászka Берзаска
Basic data
State :	Romania
Historical region :	Banat
Circle :	Caraș-Severin
Coordinates :	44 ° 40 ′  N , 22 ° 2 ′  E Coordinates: 44 ° 40 ′ 20 "  N , 22 ° 2 ′ 17"  E
Time zone :	EET ( UTC +2)
Residents :	3,123 (2002)
Postal code :	327025
Telephone code :	(+40) 02 55
License plate :	CS
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type :	local community
Structure :	Berzasca, Bigăr , Cozla , Drencova , Liubcova
Mayor :	Petru Nicolae Furdui
Postal address :	Str. Principala no.328 loc. Berzasca, jud. Caraș-Severin, RO-327025

Location of Berzasca in the Caraș-Severin County

View of Berzasca

Berzasca (German: Bersaska , Hungarian: Berszászka , Serbian: Берзаска , Czech: Berzáska ) is a municipality in the Caraș-Severin County , Banat , Romania . The Berzasca municipality also includes the villages of Bigăr , Cozla , Drencova and Liubcova .

Geographical location

Berzasca is located in the southeast of the Caraş-Severin County , in the Danube breakthrough valley Clisura Dunării , 74 kilometers upstream from Orşova in Mehedinți County and 58 kilometers downstream from Baziaş , on the area of ​​the Iron Gate Nature Park .

Neighboring places

Garnic	Ravensca	Bigar
Liubcova		Dencova
Danube	Danube	Danube

history

The village was first mentioned in 1692. The name comes from the Slavic "birza", which means "fast". According to Alexandru Moisi's "Monografia Clisurii Dunării" (German: Monograph of the Danube Breach Valley ) Berzasca is one of the oldest villages in the Danube Breach Valley , after Moldova Nouă and Radimna .

The place Persaskia is entered on the Josephine land survey from 1717 . After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise (1867), the Banat was annexed to the Kingdom of Hungary within the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary .

In the first decade of the 20th century, the law for the Magyarization of place names (Ga. 4/1898) was applied, including the Magyarization of all toponyms on maps , land register extracts and city ​​maps . The official place name was Berszászka . The Hungarian place names remained valid until the administrative reform of 1923 in the Kingdom of Romania , when the Romanian place names were introduced.

The Treaty of Trianon (June 4, 1920) resulted in the Banat being divided into three parts , whereby Berszászka fell to the Kingdom of Romania . Since then, the official name is Berzasca .

As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. The Germans from Romania had to pay for this after Romania switched sides on August 23, 1944. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between the ages of 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work .

The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers without compensation, as former members of the German ethnic group in Romania , deprived the rural population of their livelihood. At the same time, the houses of the Germans were also expropriated without compensation. Land and farmhouses were distributed to smallholders, farm workers and colonists from other parts of the country.

The nationalization law of June 11, 1948 , which provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial enterprises, banks and insurance companies, resulted in the expropriation of all commercial enterprises. In the early 1950s, the collectivization of agriculture took place.

Since the population along the Romanian-Yugoslav border was classified as a security risk by the Romanian government after Stalin's rift with Tito and his exclusion from the Cominform alliance, they were deported to the Bărăgan steppe on June 18, 1951, regardless of ethnicity . At the same time, the Romanian leadership aimed to break the resistance against the impending collectivization of agriculture. When the Bărăgan abductees returned home in 1956, the houses and farms expropriated in 1945 were returned to them. However, the field ownership was collectivized.

tourism

Due to its location on the Danube breakthrough valley, in the middle of the Iron Gate Nature Park, the village offers numerous tourist attractions. An exceptional holiday complex is currently under construction near Berzasca. The plant is from Eu funds in the amount of 1.8 million lei funded. Two artificial islands "Egreta" and "Pelicanul" with a total of 30 holiday homes are to be created, 10 of which are currently completed.

Population development

The majority of the inhabitants of the Berzasca municipality are Romanians . The number of the Slavic population Serbs , Czechs and Slovaks (summarized in the table under Others) reaches a share of about 30 percent, with mostly Czechs living in Bigăr and Serbs in Liubcova, while Slovaks can be found in Berzasca, Bigăr and Liubcova.

census		Ethnicity
year	Residents	Romanians	Hungary	German	Other
1880	2944	1644	39	260	1001
1910	4405	1995	178	244	1988
1930	4084	1942	37	137	1968
1977	4243	2657	14th	27	1545
2002	3123	2203	9	8th	903

Web links

• primariaberzasca.ro , Berzasca
• youtube.com , video animation of the Berzasca resort
• ghidulprimariilor.ro , Berzasca on the County Council's website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
2. ↑ primariaberzasca.ro , Comuna Berzasca
3. ^ Gerhard Seewann : History of the Germans in Hungary , Volume 2 1860 to 2006, Herder Institute, Marburg 2012
4. ↑ pressalert.ro , Exotic holiday complex near Berzasca
5. ↑ kia.hu (PDF; 858 kB), E. Varga: Statistics of the number of inhabitants by ethnicity in the Caraș-Severin district according to censuses from 1880 - 2002