Drobeta Turnu Severin
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Drobeta Turnu Severin Szörényvár |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Romania
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| Historical region : | Little Wallachia | ||||
| Circle : | Mehedinți | ||||
| Coordinates : | 44 ° 38 ' N , 22 ° 40' E | ||||
| Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | ||||
| Height : | 50 m | ||||
| Area : | 68.24 km² | ||||
| Residents : | 92,617 (October 20, 2011) | ||||
| Population density : | 1,357 inhabitants per km² | ||||
| Postal code : | 220xxx | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+40) 02 52 | ||||
| License plate : | MH | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2016) | |||||
| Community type : | Municipality | ||||
| Mayor : | Marius-Vasile Screciu ( PSD + UNPR ) | ||||
| Postal address : | Mareşal Averescu street, no. 2 loc. Drobeta Turnu Severin, jud. Mehedinți, 220131 |
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Drobeta Turnu Severin ( ; short Turnu Severin ; Hungarian Szörényvár ; German Turn-Severin , formerly only Severin ) is a city in Romania and is located in the Mehedinți district . The city was given the addition of "Drobeta" to the name in 1972, to remind of the existence of the Roman city of Drobeta at this point.
history
First Roman foundation of Drobeta
The history of the settlement goes back to the Roman city of Drobeta . Remains of the Trajan's Bridge , built in the years 102-105 by the important Roman architect Apollodor von Damascus , as well as the ruins of the associated military camp are preserved from this.
A vicus developed between the bridge and the military camp . 123-124, Emperor Hadrian visited the place. On this occasion Drobeta was raised to the rank of Municipium . During the time of Emperor Septimius Severus , Drobeta attained the rank of Colonia . The colony reached its maximum extent in the first half of the third century, but the Romans left the province of Dacia in 271 and Drobeta slowly declined.
In the course of the migrations, Drobeta was destroyed and rebuilt several times, until around the year 600, when Justinian's tower was destroyed.
Turnu Severin is born
Turnu Severin came into being under the jurisdiction of the Hungarian Archdiocese of Kalocsa as a medieval colony. The Turnu colony was under the patronage of Saint Severin of Noricum . In 1246, a bishop Gregorius von Severin was mentioned, who is considered the first of a total of twelve bishops in the medieval Catholic diocese of Severin . The Romanian historian Nicolae Iorga has dated the foundation of the Severin diocese to 1238. The foundation walls of the medieval Catholic St. Severin Cathedral have been preserved to this day.
In the Middle Ages, Turnu Severin was the eponymous administrative center of the Hungarian Banat of Severin (which mainly comprised the later so-called “ Little Wallachia ” or “Oltenia”) before it fell to Wallachia around 1330 (cf. Krassó-Szörény County ).
City foundation
After the Peace of Adrianople (1829) the importance of the Danube as a transport route increased and the plan to re-establish Severin as a city arose. The decision was made in 1833 and the planned construction began in 1836. In 1841 the district seat was moved from Cerneți to Severin. Due to this planned structure, Drobeta Turnu Severin has a relatively uniform street grid to this day.
Second World War
In the summer of 1940, negotiations between Hungary and Romania about the border issue in northern Transylvania took place in the town; their failure ended in the Second Vienna Arbitration Award .
Attractions
- Trajan's Bridge
- Ruins of the Roman Drobeta
- The town hall and a theater building, both from the 20th century
- A listed historic water tower (EBN 1212160) that was built between 1910 and 1913. It is 27 meters high and was renovated in 2012.
- Remains of the St. Severin Cathedral
- The regional museum for the history of the Iron Gate, emerged from the history museum of the Traian University (1912),
- Art museum ( Muzeul de Artă Drobeta Turnu Severin ), since 1990 and a regional natural science museum ( Muzeul Regiunii Porților de Fier ).
- The replica of a bridge arch in the center of a roundabout .
Ruins of the Roman Drobeta
Foundation walls of the cathedral
Historic water tower
town hall
theatre
Stadion
Sons and daughters of Drobeta Turnu Severin
- Gheorghe Țițeica (1873–1939), Romanian mathematician
- Anton Linder (1880–1958), Austrian social democratic politician
- Alexander Löhr (1885–1947), Austrian major general and colonel general of the Wehrmacht
- Alice Voinescu (1885–1961), Romanian philosopher, essayist, university professor and translator
- Petre Sergescu (1893–1954), mathematician and mathematician historian
- Alexandru Buligan (* 1960), handball player and coach
- Mihai Fifor (* 1970), Romanian politician
- Ancuța Bobocel (* 1987), athlete
- Silvia-Raluca Sgîrcea (* 1989), Romanian chess player
further reading
- From five decades. History of the German Evangelical Congregation Turn-Severin 1861–1911. Tip. EJ Knoll, Turnu-Severin, 1911 in: Evangelisches Zentralarchiv in Berlin (ZA 5091/107), signature: EZA Bibl. 81/154 in “Echo of the Lecture Series”, number 12/2007, Reschitz 2007.
- Julius Hering: Annals of the Roman Catholic parish of Turn-Severin. In echo of the lecture series, number 12/2006, Reschitz 2006.
- Constantin Dănescu: Șantierul Naval din Turnu Severin, Volume 1, (1851–1950), Prier-Verlag, Turn-Severin 2004.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2011 census in Romania at citypopulation.de
- ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)
- ↑ Teodor Octavian Gheorghiu (2001), Drobeta-Turnu Severin. Ipoteză de evoluție urbanistică , Historia Urbana, Tom IX, No. 1–2, p. 146.
- ↑ Teodor Octavian Gheorghiu (2001), Drobeta-Turnu Severin. Ipoteză de evoluție urbanistică , Historia Urbana, Tom IX, No. 1–2, p. 147.
- ↑ Information on the Catholic Diocese of Severin (Romanian) ( Memento from December 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Nicolae Iorga : Istoria Bisericii Românești și a vieții religioase a Românilor , vol. I-iu, Vălenii de Munte 1908, 16.
- ↑ Primăria Municipiului Drobeta Turnu Severin 2015: Drobeta Turnu Severin - Strategia de dezvoltare a Municipiului pe perioada 2014-2020
- ↑ Judeţul Mehedinţi: Scurt istoric , Agerpres November 10, 2014
- ↑ Hărţile care arată diferenţa uriaşă între străzile din oraşele americane şi cele din România , Adevărul November 22, 2017
- ↑ Famous Buildings in Drobeta Turnu Severin : Watercastle
- ↑ Homepage of the museum (English)
