Burebista

Burebista statue in Orastie

Burebista (* in the 2nd century BC; † around 44 BC) was the first king of the united state of the Dacians . He united, partly by force, the Geto -dakischen tribes and was v in the 82nd Their king. The capital was originally Argedava near Orăştioara de Sus ; later he built the fortress and capital Sarmizegetusa Regia .

swell

Burebista is only mentioned in three ancient sources. In Strabons Geographica (7, 3, 5; 7, 3, 11; 16, 2, 39) the name Byrebistas and Boirebistas are written. In Jordanes Getica (67) there is talk of Buruista . He is also mentioned in a marble inscription from Dionysopolis .

Life

Area of ​​immediate rule and greater influence of the Dacian kings Decebal and Burebista

Burebista added further areas to the Dacian-Getic heartland: 60/59 BC. BC he defeated the allied Celtic tribes of the Boier and Taurisker under Critasiros , who lived on the central Danube in today's Slovakia . After 55 BC BC and probably before 48 BC BC Burebista conquered the shores of the Black Sea and subjugated the Greek cities there from Olbia to Apollonia . 50 BC The Dacians tried to conquer Noricum, but were defeated by the Norics under their king Voccio .

At the height of his power, the empire of Burebista stretched over an area that stretched from the central Danube to the Black Sea. In 48 BC BC Burebista entered into an alliance with Pompey , who was fighting against Caesar in the Roman civil war. After the latter emerged victorious, the Roman also planned, among other things, a campaign against the Dacian Empire. Only Caesar's death prevented an argument.

44 BC BC Burebista was the victim of an intrigue by Dacian nobles who were interested in weakening the central power. The Dacian Empire was divided into several partial kingdoms.

literature

• Karl Georg Brandis : Burebista . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Supplement volume I, Stuttgart 1903, Col. 261-264.
• Kai Brodersen : Dacia Felix. Ancient Romania in the focus of cultures. wbg Philipp von Zabern, Darmstadt 2020. ISBN 978-3-8053-5059-4 .

Web links

Commons : Burebista  - collection of images, videos and audio files