Satan operca
| Satan operca | ||||||||||||
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Satanoperca cf. jurupari |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Satan operca | ||||||||||||
| Günther , 1862 |
Satanoperca ( Latin : "satans" = devil, "perca" = perch) is a genus of cichlids from Eastern, Northern and Central South America . It occurs in rivers of the Amazon basin , in the Orinoco basin up to the Río Paraná / Río Paraguay system.
features
The Satanoperca species are medium-sized cichlids and are 14 to a maximum of 27 centimeters long. Your body is high and flattened on the sides, the belly line is almost straight. The eyes are set far back and high on the head. The muzzle protrudes, the mouth is very slightly below. The dorsal fin has numerous fin spines. Your last fin rays , the pelvic fins and the anal fin are often drawn out long. The different Satanoperca species are mostly beige or light gray in color. Ribbons or dark spots on the pages are different depending on the species.
species
The Satanoperca species are divided into three distinctly different species groups.
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Satanoperca acuticeps group
- Satanoperca acuticeps (Heckel, 1840)
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Satanoperca daemon group
- Satanoperca daemon (Heckel, 1840)
- Satanoperca lilith (Kullander & Ferreira, 1988)
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Satanoperca jurupari group
- Satanoperca curupira Ota et al., 2018
- Satanoperca jurupari , (Heckel, 1840)
- Satanoperca leucosticta (Müller & Troschel, 1848)
- Satanoperca mapiritensis (Fernández-Yépez, 1950)
- Satanoperca pappaterra (Heckel, 1840)
- Satanoperca rhynchitis Kullander , 2012
Reproduction
The different species groups of Satanoperca follow different reproductive strategies. Satanoperca acuticeps and the two species of the Satanoperca daemon group are open brooders , which lay their spawn in a pit dug in the bottom of the water and cover it with sand, stones, empty snail shells and other materials. The types of Satanoperca jurupari group are mouth brooders . The species ( S. jurupari , S. mapiritensis , S. pappaterra ) of the group occurring in the Orinoco and Amazon regions , as ovophilic ("egg-loving") mouthbrooders , take the eggs into their mouths immediately after spawning, during the Satanoperca leucosticta, which is native to the Guayana mountains As a larvophilic mouthbrooder, it spawns openly on a substrate and only takes the larvae into its mouth after hatching. In all cases, both parents take part in brood care ( parent family ) and take eggs or larvae in their mouths.
literature
- Claus Schaefer: Satanoperca. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , pp. 871-873.
Web links
- Satanoperca on Fishbase.org (English)