Geophagini

Geophagini
Brazilian mother-of-pearl cichlid ("Geophagus" brasiliensis )
Systematics
without rank: Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae) Ovalentaria Order : Cichliformes Family : Cichlids (Cichlidae) Subfamily : Cichlinae Tribe : Geophagini
Scientific name
Geophagini
Haseman , 1911

The Geophagini (German Geophaginen ) are a tribe of the American cichlid subfamily Cichlinae . The distribution area of ​​the taxon extends from the south of Panama to the north of Argentina . The geophagini have a wide range of behaviors. They include species that feed exclusively on benthic invertebrates , but also pure fish-eaters. Their reproductive strategies range from substrate spawning to mouth brooding .

They include the genera Apistogramma , Apistogrammoides , Mikrogeophagus , Taeniacara and Dicrossus , which are known in German as dwarf cichlids and are popular aquarium fish, as well as the "earth eaters" from the genus Geophagus and their relatives.

Genera

The Geophagini can be divided into two main clades, six sub-tribes, 16 genera, 180 described and a few more undescribed species. The internal system is shown in the following cladogram :

Geophagini

GGD     Microgeophagina    Microgeophagus      "Geophagus" brasiliensis species group.       Crenicaratina    Dicrossus      Crenicara      Biotodoma   Geophagina    Gymnogeophagus      Geophagus   CAS     Crenichichlina    Biotoecus      Acarichthys      Crenicichla + Teleocichla       Guianacarina    Mazarunia      Guianacara   Apistogrammina    Taeniacara      Apistogramma + Apistogrammoides      Satan operca

• GGD = Geophagus Gymnogeophagus Dicrossus clade
• CAS = Crenicichla-Apistogramma-Satanoperca clade

swell

• IP Farias, G. Orti, A. Meyer: Total Evidence: Molecules, Morphology, and the Phylogenetics of Cichlid Fishes , Journal of Experimental Zoology (Mol Dev Evol) 288: 76-92 (2000) doi : 10.1002 / (SICI) 1097 -010X (20000415) 288: 1 <76 :: AID-JEZ8> 3.0.CO; 2-P
• Smith, WL, Chakrabarty, P, & Sparks, JS 2008. Phylogeny, taxonomy, and evolution of Neotropical cichlids (Teleostei: Cichlidae: Cichlinae). Cladistics 24: 1-17.
• John S. Sparks & Wm. Leo Smith: Phylogeny and biogeography of cichlid fishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae). Cladistics (2004), Volume: 20, Issue: 6, Publisher: Wiley Online Library, Pages: 501-517 doi : 10.1111 / j.1096-0031.2004.00038.x
• SE Steele, H. López-Fernández (2014): Body Size Diversity and Frequency Distributions of Neotropical Cichlid Fishes (Cichliformes: Cichlidae: Cichlinae). PLoS ONE , 9 (9): e106336. DOI: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0106336

supporting documents

1. ↑ Hernán López-Fernández, Kirk O. Winemiller, Rodney L. Honeycutt: Multilocus phylogeny and rapid radiations in Neotropical cichlid fishes (Perciformes: Cichlidae: Cichlinae). In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. Volume 55, Issue 3, (June) 2010, pp. 1070-1086 doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2010.02.020

Web links

Commons : Geophaginae  - collection of images, videos and audio files