Guianacara
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Kullander & Nijssen , 1989 |
Guianacara ( saddle spotted cichlid ) is a genus of cichlid thatis nativeto the rivers of northeastern South America .
features
Guianacara species are small to medium-sized cichlids, reach a maximum length of 20 centimeters, but usually stay smaller. The body is very high back and strongly flattened on the sides, the head high and short, the forehead line steep and rounded. The small mouth is terminal and is relatively far below. Females stay smaller and are slimmer. The eye is camouflaged by a dark eye stripe. In the middle of the sides of the body there is a species-specific, vertical black band that can or is reduced to a dark spot in adults and in the subgenus Oelemaria . Guianacara species have 26 to 27 vertebrae (13 + 14 or 13 + 13). The species of the subgenus Guianacara have two supraneuralia (neural processes), Guianacara oelemariensis (subgenus Oelemaria ) only one.
distribution
Guianacara species are distributed from the Río Caroní in Venezuela via the three Guayanas ( French Guiana , Guyana and Suriname ) to the Rio Caciporé in northeastern Brazil north of the Amazon estuary , as well as in the Rio Branco , Rio Curuá and Rio Trombetas in the Amazon basin .
Reproduction
Guianacara species are substrate spawners , which in most cases form a mother family , ie the female takes care of the clutch, which can contain up to 500 eggs, while the male takes care of territorial defense .
Naming
The generic name Guianacara is composed of the two terms Guayana for the main distribution area and the expression "Acará" for cichlids, which is common in the Tupí-Guaraní language.
species
The FishBase database currently lists seven species:
- Genus Guianacara
- Subgenus Guianacara
- Guianacara cuyunii López-Fernández, Taphorn & Kullander, 2006
- Guianacara dacrya Arbor & López-Fernández, 2011
- Guianacara geayi (Pellegrin, 1902)
- Guianacara owroewefi Kullander & Nijssen, 1989 ( type species )
- Guianacara sphenozona Kullander & Nijssen, 1989
- Guianacara stergiosi López-Fernández, Taphorn & Kullander, 2006
- Subgenus Oelemaria
- Guianacara oelemariensis Kullander & Nijssen, 1989
- Subgenus Guianacara
literature
- Sven O. Kullander & Han Nijssen: The Cichlids of Surinam: Teleostei, Labroidei . Brill Academic Pub, 1989, ISBN 90-04-09077-0 .
- Horst Linke, Wolfgang Staek: American cichlids II, large cichlids. Tetra-Verlag, Bissendorf 1997, ISBN 3-8974-5101-8 .
- Claus Schaefer: Guianacara. Kullander & Nijssen, 1989. Saddle Spotted Cichlids. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , p. 429 f.
Web links
- Guianacara on Fishbase.org (English)
- Guianacara Kullander & Nijssen