Oxygen bridge
| Oxygen bridges marked in blue |
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An oxygen bridge is a grouping of atoms in which either one or two oxygen atoms are contained in an alkyl chain, a ring-shaped organic chemical compound or as a bridge between two metal atoms in an organometallic complex compound .
Organic compounds with oxygen bridges
Stable compounds with oxygen bridges are quite common in nature; so ethers and carboxylic acid esters have this structural element. Cyclic compounds with oxygen bridges are also known: all acetals such as cyclic mono- , di- , oligo- and polysaccharides as well as glycosides , epoxides ( oxiranes ) and lactones have an oxygen atom within the ring and are therefore also oxygen-containing heterocycles .
In peroxides , the bridge consists of two or more oxygen atoms. Most peroxides are unstable and decompose spontaneously or upon shock or other input of energy. Relatively stable cyclic peroxides ( dioxetanes or dioxetanones) are involved in the bioluminescence of fireflies .
Organometallic complex compounds with oxygen bridges
Some organometallic complex compounds such as the metals aluminum , iron , molybdenum and tungsten could not be synthesized as monomers under suitable reaction conditions, but only as dimers bridged by an oxygen atom. The two metal atoms are connected almost linearly via the oxygen. Biologically important metal complexes with oxygen bridges also exist, such as the water splitting complex WOC (English water oxidizing complex , also OEC , oxygen evolving complex ), which contains four manganese and one calcium atom and is a central component of photosynthesis . Here, three of the manganese, calcium and four oxygen atoms form a distorted cubic cage in which the oxygen bridge atoms are each coordinated to three metal atoms.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ HP Latscha, U. Kazmaier, HA Klein: Organic Chemistry: Chemistry-Basiswissen II. Springer, 2008, ISBN 9783540771067 .
- ^ T. Förster: Fluorescence of organic compounds. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1982, ISBN 9783525423127 .
- ↑ N. Kuhn, S. Fuchs, E. Niquet et al. Journal of inorganic and general chemistry. Volume 628 Issue 4, pp. 717-718.
- ↑ K. Most: Molybdenum and tungsten complexes with the 3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazolate ligand: Applications in oxygen transfer reactions , dissertation at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , 2003.
- ^ W. Lubitz, J. Messinger, PP Schmidt, AR Holzwarth: Electron transfer in biological systems - one of the foundations of earthly life ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Current newsreel of the GDCh , 2006, week 15.
- ↑ D. Shevela: ROLE OF INORGANIC COFACTORS AND SPECIES DIFFERENCES IN PHOTOSYNTHETIC WATER OXIDATION (pdf; 7.6 MB) , dissertation at the Technical University of Berlin , 2008.
