Suction mites
| Suction mites | ||||||||||||
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| Psoroptes | ||||||||||||
| Gervais , 1841 |
The suction mites ( Psoroptes ) are a genus of mites that live parasitically on the skin of their hosts and feed on body fluids by sucking. The illness they cause is called psoroptic mange .
description
Adults have an oval body shape, female individuals are up to 0.8 mm long. The Gnathosoma is longer than it is broad and tapering to a point. The legs are relatively long and carry a tripartite praetarsus with a trumpet-like sticky bell. The development takes place via egg, larva , proto- and trito nymph .
Systematics
Following a work by Gordon K. Sweatman from 1958, which was accepted as the standard for decades, five types were long distinguished:
- Psoroptes cervinus : ear mange in elk and bighorn sheep
- Psoroptes cuniculi : Ear mange in rabbits , less often horses , sheep and goats
- Psoroptes equi : body mange in horses
- Psoroptes natalensis : body mange in water buffalo , cattle and horses
- Psoroptes ovis (Syn. P. bovis ): body mange in ruminants
These species were primarily differentiated according to the host species and the infected organ, as well as a morphological characteristic, the length of some bristles on the abdomen ( opisthosoma ) of adult males. Recent work has shown that the morphological features between the "species" overlap widely. If groups can be formed, these do not correspond to the classic types. Genetically, too, the species are essentially indistinguishable; markers on the mitochondrial DNA and examinations of microsatellites did not provide any reliable distinguishing features. In addition, it has been possible in many cases to transfer mites from one host to another by cross-infection , where they successfully established themselves and caused the typical symptoms of the disease. However, this did not succeed in all cases and in all populations. In addition, mite infections in domestic animals from wild species of any other species in the same range have never been convincingly documented. In addition, at least one piece of work has documented a genetic difference in two of the species, P. cuniculi and P. natalensis . Therefore, although most professionals, payers and colleagues follow, all species under Psoroptes equi. synonymize (later changed to Psoroptes ovis for reasons of priority ), some others consider the question to be not yet fully clarified and are waiting for further data.
literature
- Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna, Horst Zahner, Johannes Eckert, Peter Deplazes: Textbook of parasitology for veterinary medicine. 3. Edition. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2012, ISBN 978-3-8304-1205-2 , p. 418.
Individual evidence
- ^ Gordon K. Sweatman: On the life history and validity of the species in Psoroptes, a genus of mange mites. In: Canadian Journal of Zoology. 36 (6), 1958, pp. 905-929.
- ↑ M. Zahler, WM Hendrikx, A. Essig, H. Rinder, R. Gothe: Species of the genus Psoroptes (Acari: Psoroptidae): a taxonomic consideration. In: Experimental and Applied Acarology. 24 (3), 2000, pp. 213-225.
- ↑ KR Pegler, L. Evans, JR Stevens, R. Wall: Morphological and molecular comparison of hostderived populations of parasitic Psoroptes mites. In: Medical and Veterinary Entomology. 19, 2005, pp. 392-403.
- ↑ Shuai Wang, Xiaobin Gu, Yan Fu, Songjia Lai, Shuxian Wang, Xuerong Peng, Guangyou Yang: Molecular taxonomic relationships of Psoroptes and Chorioptes mites from China based on COI and 18S rDNA gene sequences. In: Veterinary Parasitology. 184 (2-4), 2012, pp. 392-397.
- ^ Richard Wall, Karin Kolbe: Taxonomic priority in Psoroptes mange mites: P. ovis or P. equi? In: Experimental & Applied Acarology. 39 (2), 2006, pp. 159-162.
