Schauenburg (Swiss noble family)
Schauenburg is the name of an extinct Swiss noble family from the Liestal area .
history
The ancestral castle of the Schauenburgers was the (newer of the two Schauenburgs) Alt-Schauenburg near Frenkendorf .
It is not known whether the family already lived in the older Neu-Schauenburg , which was built in the 11th century . The von Schauenburgs replaced them in the 13th century with the construction of the (newer) Alt-Schauenburg and were feudal people of the Counts of Frohburg . Possibly their original ancestral castle was Altenberg Castle , which is within sight , which was built around 1000 and abandoned shortly before 1100 and whose lands belonged to the Lords of Schauenburg in the late Middle Ages.
The coat of arms of the Schauenburgers is identical to that of the Truchsess von Rheinfelden, who were ministerials for the dukes of Zähringen in the 12th century . There was therefore probably a tribal community between the two families.
Knight Hugo von Schauenburg, first mentioned in 1323, sold in 1355 with his sons Count Johann von Frohburg Twing and Bann zu Füllinsdorf , which he held as a fief . The nobleman Heinrich von Schauenburg and his cousin, knight Johann von Schauenburg, exchanged their goods in Füllinsdorf, Giebenach, Nuglar, Reigoldswil, Sissach, Itkon, Böckten, Augst, Titterten and Pratteln in 1337.
The Neu-Schauenburg was restored after the Basel earthquake in 1356 , while the Alt-Schauenburg was abandoned. This led to the older system being given the addition “new” (new = in operation). But the Schauenburgs died out towards the end of the 14th century (1385 at the latest). The last of the male line were Hugo's sons Hanmann and Hug, who were last mentioned in a document in 1363 and 1367 respectively. The castle initially went to the knightly family Vitztum - possibly by inheritance.
literature
- Walther Merz : The castles of Sisgau. Volume 3, 1911, pp. 228-230.
- Peter Rück : The document of the bishops of Basel until 1213. 1966, p. 151–153.
- Hans-Rudolf Heyer : The art monuments of the canton of Basel-Country. Volume II: The Liestal District. Basel 1974, pp. 119–121.
- Werner Meyer : Castles from A to Z. Basel 1981, p. 111 f.
- Carl Roth: The castles and palaces of the cantons of Basel-Stadt and Basel-Landschaft. 2nd part, delivery 4b. Birkhäuser, 1933, page 97 ff.
- Ernst Stockmeyer: The Schauenburg. Karl Werner printing works, Basel 1946.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Peter Schenker : Schauenburg, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- ↑ Reto Marti: Altenberg Castle near Füllinsdorf and its early end - attempt at a historical interpretation , in: Burgen und Schlösser, Journal for Castle Research and Monument Preservation, ed. v. European Castle Institute , 4/2015, pp. 224–230
- ↑ Marti ibid.