Frohburg (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of the Counts of Frohburg
The last Frohburger. Facade painting in Olten

The Counts of Frohburg (sometimes also spelled Froburg in the past ) were an important noble family in north-western Switzerland in the Middle Ages . Originally they came from the Wiggertal in the area around Zofingen . In the 10th century they had the Frohburg built on a ridge above Trimbach , near the road over the lower Hauenstein .

history

Since the late 11th century, the family has appeared in the documents as Count von Frohburg. The family derived its name from the castle. The Frohburger ruled over the Buchsgau (the area between Olten and Solothurn ) as well as over part of the Aargau and Sisgau , a fiefdom of the Principality of Basel .

At the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th century, they had numerous other castles built to secure their sphere of influence, including the Birseckburgen . They also founded the cities of Aarburg , Liestal , Olten , Waldenburg , Wiedlisbach and Zofingen . The city Fridau in the area of today's community Fulenbach was in 1375 by the Gugler destroyed the city of Falkenstein was in the village of Balsthal on. The Frohburger built the Schönthal monastery near Waldenburg .

Around 1250 the family split into the Neu- Homberg , Waldenburg and Zofingen lines. In their wake, after the division into the wake of the Counts of Neu-Homberg, was the ministerial family of the Marschalk von Frohburg , who first had their seat on the ancestral castle of the Counts. Later they moved to the Wartenberg near Muttenz (probably the rear castle) and called themselves Marschalk von Wartenberg.

The Swiss historian Aegidius Tschudi († 1572) put forward the thesis that Gertrud von Hohenberg , the wife of King Rudolf von Habsburg , is not from the Hohenberg family, as is generally assumed, but from the Homberg-Frohburg family. According to Tschudi, Gertrud was the daughter of Count Ludwig and the sister of Count Hartmann and Count Herman IV. How it came about that Gertrud (allegedly) also called himself von Hohenberg remains to be clarified. The county of Homberg came into being through the marriage of her (presumed by Tschudi) brother Herman IV. To the heiress of Count Werner III. from Homberg to the Frohburger. Tschudi's theory is undoubtedly refuted by a document dated February 27, 1271. In it, her husband Rudolf, Count von Kyburg and Habsburg, sells a farm in Tiengen (Freiburg im Breisgau) to the St. Märgen Monastery , which he uses as the marriage property of his wife Gertrud - Nobilis mulieris Gertrudis uxoris - was pledged by Hohenberg. The Gertruds brothers … Nobilium virorum fratrum suorum Alberti, Burchardi et Vlrici Comitum de Hohinberg ( Counts of Hohenberg ) expressly approved this transaction .

The Zofingen line died out in 1307, the Neu-Homberg line in 1325. The Waldenburg line lost its position of power a little later and was forced to sell its possessions piece by piece, most of them to their up-and-coming relatives, the Habsburgs . The individual buildings of the family castle were abandoned over time and fell into disrepair. Hermann VI., The last count of Frohburg, died in 1367 as abbot of the St. Urban monastery without male descendants.

coat of arms

Blazon : A red armored and tongued eagle from Eisenhutfeh in gold .

The coat of arms is now used by the municipality of Waldenburg BL .

Tribe list

Master list of the Counts of Frohburg and their sidelines Frohburg-Zofingen, Frohburg-Waldenburg and Neu-Homberg.

  1. Adalbero (adult 1028), Count im Breisgau
    1. Volmar I. (* 1050; † 1114) ⚭ Sophie von Pfirt (* 1060), daughter of Ludwig von Mousson (from the Scarponnois family )
      1. Adalbero I. (adult 1095; † before 1152) ⚭ Sophia von Lenzburg (?)
        1. Volmar II. (Adult 1143; † after 1175)
          1. Hermann II (extended 1160; † 1211/1213; descent uncertain) ⚭? from Kyburg
            1. Ludwig III. (adult 1196; † 1256/1259, buried in Zofingen), founder of the Frohburg-Zofingen line
            2. Hermann III. († 1236/1237), founder of the Frohburg-Waldenburg line
            3. Albert (adult 1226; † between July 6, 1242 and June 30, 1243), provost of Zofingen, governor of Murbach
            4. Volmar III. († before 1226)
            5. Richenza (adult 1213–1267) ⚭ Berchtold von Neuenburg ( adult 1201; † August 20, 1261)
            6. Sophia (descent uncertain) ⚭ Rudolf II. Von Thierstein (adult 1243–1262)
            7. Ulrich (adult 1223; ancestry uncertain), Count von Frohburg (and Abbot Frienisberg Monastery , uncertain)
            8. Daughter (parentage uncertain) ⚭? from Bechburg
          2. Arnold (adult 1194; † March 31, 1216), Abbot of Murbach
          3. Gepa (descent uncertain) ⚭ Rudolf I. von Thierstein (ext. 1173; † before August 29, 1231)
          4. Heilwig († around 1183; descent uncertain) ⚭ Berthold IV. Von Zähringen († October 8, 1186)
        2. Ludwig II , called Garewart (adult 1145–1179), Bishop of Basel
        3. Sophia ⚭ Markwart von Rothenburg
        4. Konrad (extended 1164; † after November 20, 1192; descent uncertain), Canon of Würzburg and provost of St. Mary in Mainz
      2. Hermann I. (exp. 1095–1125)

Frohburg-Zofingen line

  1. Ludwig III. (adult 1196; † 1256/1259, buried in Zofingen) ⚭ Gertrud (adult 1223–1241), daughter of Count Rudolf II of Habsburg and Agnes von Staufen
    1. Hermann IV. (Adult 1223; † before May 15, 1253), founder of the Frohburg-Homberg line
    2. Gertrud (adult 1245, † 1274)
    3. Rudolf (adult 1237; † September 28, 1272), folk priest in Onoldswil , provost in Zofingen and Beromünster , canon in Basel and Constance
    4. Ludwig IV. (Ext. 1239–1257), Count
    5. Hartmann (adult 1240; † between June 23, 1281 and December 6, 1285), Count ⚭ 1. Clementa († before 1263), childless; 2. Ita von Wolhusen (exp. 1280–1299)
      1. Louis VI. (exp. 1280–1307)
      2. Markwart (adult 1286; † November 26, 1317), Junker, canon in Zofingen
      3. Elisabeth (exp. 1286–1327) ⚭ 1st (dispensation 4th May 21st 1302) Count Hermann IV von Sulz (exp. 1302; † before September 10, 1311); 2. Duke Lutzmann VI. von Teck († between June 1332 and January 18, 1334)
    6. Daughter (Gerin?) (Adult 1279, descent uncertain), nun in the Paradies monastery ⚭ Anshelm von Rappoltstein

Line Frohburg-Waldenburg

  1. Hermann III. († 1236/1237), Count ⚭ Heilwig von Habsburg († after October 11, 1263)
    1. Ludwig V (exp. 1240; † November 22, 1279), Count ⚭ Agnes von Bechburg (exp. 1263–1292)
      1. Hermann V. (exp. 1275–1291), Count
      2. Volmar IV. (Adult 1280; † January 20, 1320), Count and Landgrave in Buchsgau ⚭ Katharina von Toggenburg († before February 18, 1313)
        1. Johann (adult 1318; † between January 20 and April 1366), Count and Landgrave in Buchsgau ⚭ before November 3, 1326 (dispensation 4th ° from June 15, 1327) Adelheid von Ramstein († between October 17, 1367 and 29 May 1371)
        2. Hermann VI. (adult 1320 - October 19, 1367), count, abbot of the St. Urban monastery , last of the counts of Frohburg
        3. Uol (illegitimate, adult 1386, † before February 6, 1422), Junker
      3. further children (adults 1295)
    2. Sophie von Frohburg († after November 30, 1291) ⚭ before July 6, 1249 Walther III. von Klingen (of age on December 26, 1239; † March 1, 1286)
    3. Volmar (adult 1259)

Frohburg-Homberg line

Coat of arms of the Counts of Homberg - Zurich coat of arms roll
  1. Hermann IV von Frohburg (adult 1223; † before May 15, 1253) ⚭? von Homberg, heir daughter of Count Werner III. from Homberg
    1. Friedrich von Homberg († February 8 before 1285)
      1. left children behind
    2. Wernher I. von Homberg (adult 1254; † February 6, 1273) ⚭ Kunigunde († September 20)
      1. Hermann II of Homberg (adult 1275; † November 19, 1303)
      2. Ita von Homberg (adult 1284; † 1328) ⚭ Friedrich IV. Of Toggenburg († November 15, 1315 in the Battle of Morgarten )
    3. Ludwig I von Homberg (adult 1268; † on April 27, 1289 in the battle of the Schosshalde , buried in Wettingen ) ⚭ before January 15, 1283 Elisabeth von Rapperswil , heiress of her father Rudolf von Rapperswil (* 1251/1261; † April 10, 1309) ⚭ 2nd marriage to Rudolf III. of Habsburg-Laufenburg
      1. Wernher II. Von Homberg , Count (* 1284; † March 21, 1320) ⚭ Maria von Oettingen († June 10, 1369) (widow of Rudolf III. Von Habsburg-Laufenburg , who was married to Rudolf IV in third marriage after Werner's death . von Baden was married)
        1. Wernher III. von Homberg, called Wernli, last of the Neu-Homberg (* 1316; † between March 30 and September 22, 1323)
        2. Peter, illegitimate († after March 4, 1327)
      2. Cäcilia von Homberg (adult 1286–1338), prioress of Oetenbach
      3. Anna von Homberg (adult 1286–1286)
      4. Rudolf von Homberg (adult 1289; † between January 14, 1304 and October 25, 1306)
      5. Ludwig II of Homberg, Count (adult 1293; † 1315)
      6. Klara von Homberg (adult 1293–1305) ⚭ before July 29, 1305 Egino V. von Matsch , Vogt von Matsch († after November 30, 1341)
    4. Daughter? Anna († 1281) ⚭ Heinrich III. von Rappoltstein (exp. 1260–1275; † 1279) (see Rappolsteiner Chronik)

More people

Count Ludwig von Frohburg, depicted as a falconer and designated as the owner of the Onyx von Schaffhausen , silver engraving on the reverse
  1. Wolfrad von Frohburg († 1095)
    1. Ludwig I (exp. 1098–1114), Count
      1. Ortlieb (el. 1136; † 1164), Bishop of Basel
    2. Gero (adult 1101–1121), abbot of the Einsiedeln monastery
    3. Volmar (ext. 1114), Count
    4. Adalbero II. (El. 1130; † 1137), Bishop of Basel
  • Gertrud von Frohburg (?) ⚭ Ulrich III. of Neuchâtel-Nidau ​​(adult 1182; † 1225/1226)

supporting documents

literature

  • Hektor Ammann : The Frohburgers and the founding of cities . In: Festschrift Hans Nabholz . Zurich 1934.
  • Werner Meyer : The Frohburg . A guide through the castle ruins. Solothurn 1980.
  • Werner Meyer (among others): Die Frohburg, excavations 1973–1977 . In: Schweizerischer Burgenverein (Hrsg.): Swiss contributions to the cultural history and archeology of the Middle Ages . tape 16 . Olten 1989.
  • Ambros Kocher: Solothurn document book . First volume 762-1245. State Chancellery of the Canton of Solothurn, Solothurn 1952, family table 4: Counts of Fro [h] burg.
  • Swabia . In: Detlev Schwennicke (Hrsg.): European family tables , family tables on the history of European states . New episode. tape XII . Verlag von JA Stargardt, Marburg 1992, plate 113: The counts of Fro [h] burg 1110-1367, and the counts of Homberg.

Web links

Commons : Frohburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Peter Schenker: Frohburg, Marschalk von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  2. ^ Aegidius Tschudi : Chronicon Helveticum , Volume I., pp. 141 and 182.
  3. ^ Z. Schmid: History of the Counts of Zollern-Hohenberg and their county, together with document book. Scheitlin brothers, Stuttgart 1882, p. 37.
  4. ↑ Kocher 1952: plate 4; Schwennicke 1992: plate 113.
  5. ↑ Romain Jurot / EB: Frohburg, Ludwig von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  6. ^ Was equated by Tschudi with Gertrud (around 1225–1281) from the house of the Counts of Hohenberg ⚭ Rudolf IV of Habsburg . The hypothesis is considered refuted.
  7. ↑ Habsburger Urbar from 1281 in Der Geschichtsfreund, Historical Association of the 5 Places Lucern, Uti, Schwyz, Unterwalden, and Zug, Volume 5, 1848, p. 13.
  8. ^ Waltraud Hörsch: Frohburg, Hermann von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  9. ↑ Schwennicke 1992: plate 113; Max Schiendorfer: Klingen, Walther von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  10. ↑ Hans Stadler: Homberg, Werner von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  11. ↑ Historical Lexicon of Switzerland
  12. ↑ Romain Jurot / EB: Frohburg, Ortlieb of. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .