House Scarponnois

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The Scarponnois family was the family of the Counts von Pfirt (French: Ferrette), Lützelburg (Lutzelbourg), Mömpelgard (Montbéliard) and the counts and later dukes of Bar (Bar-le-Duc). The family takes its name from its origin in the Scarponnois in what is now the French department of Meurthe-et-Moselle .

Since Pfirt is located in the Sundgau , the family was formerly known as Sundgaugrafen , although they never had this title.

Family history

The first tangible family member was Richwin, Count im Scarponnois, who was married to Hildegard von Egisheim, a sister of Pope Leo IX. († 1054). Their son was Ludwig von Mousson († 1073/76), castellan von Mömpelgard , Altkirch and Pfirt , who married Sophia von Bar in 1038 , a daughter of Duke Friedrich II of Lorraine and Mathilde of Swabia. After the childless death of her only brother, Duke Friedrich III. († 1033) inherited Amance , Bar and Saargemünd , was raised by her aunt Gisela von Schwaben , the wife of Emperor Conrad II , and should therefore have been a sought-after bride from both a financial and a family perspective. The reason why the emperor chose Ludwig was that Konrad wanted to strengthen his position in Lorraine with his marriage (just as he wanted to expand his power in Italy with the marriage of Sophia's sister Beatrix to Boniface von Canossa ). This political marriage made Ludwig and his descendants one of the most important families in Lorraine - and sparked off the centuries-old conflict between the Counts and Dukes of Bar and the Dukes of Lorraine .

Ludwig's son Dietrich I was no longer castellan, but Count von Pfirt and Altkirch; he married Ermentrude of Burgundy, daughter of Count Wilhelm I of Burgundy and heiress of Mömpelgard. His brother Friedrich married Agnes von Maurienne, daughter of Count Peter I of Savoy , from whom he received the Margraviate of Susa . A division of the estate among Dietrich's sons Friedrich I (who received the grandfather's legacy Pfirt), Rainald I (who got the grandmother's legacy bar) and Dietrich II (who received the maternal legacy Mömpelgard) then split the power of the family.

The Mömpelgard line expired as early as 1148 with the next generation, when the Montfaucon family inherited . The descendants of Friedrich, the Counts of Pfirt, died in 1352 with Johanna von Pfirt , who was married to Duke Albrecht II of Austria , whereby the county came to the Habsburgs . The middle line had the longest existence; whose possession Pont-à-Mousson , was raised in 1354 Margraviate Pont-à-Mousson , although it was subject to the County of Bar: the resulting anomaly was resolved in the same year when the Count of Bar was appointed Duke of Bar .

The end of the family came shortly after the death of the first duke, Robert I († 1411). His eldest son Heinrich died in 1398, before his father. His second son was captured by the Turks, the last message from him dates back to 1404. In 1401 Duke Robert gave his title to his third son Eduard , but retained the usufruct of the duchy - a decision with which he passed his grandson Robert, the son of Heinrich passed over; the grandson Robert protested against the decision, initiated a lawsuit at the Parlement in Paris in 1406 , which ended unsuccessfully in 1409 - after all, in 1413 he received the title of Count of Marle and (as his mother's heir) that of Count of Soissons as compensation . His uncle Eduard kept the title, who then also received the usufruct in 1411. Four years later, Robert von Marle, Duke Eduard and another brother, Jean de Puisaye, died at the Battle of Azincourt .

The only legitimate male member of the house was now Ludwig von Bar , another son of Duke Roberts, who, however, belonged to the clergy and had even been a cardinal since 1387 . He took over the title of duke, but had to assert himself against his brother-in-law, Duke Adolf von Jülich and Berg , who had contradicted the succession with reference to Ludwig's ecclesiastical office. In view of his own celibacy and the dispute with Duke Adolf, Ludwig looked for a solution and found it in his great-nephew René von Anjou (René's grandmother Violante von Bar was Ludwig's sister), whom he also received in 1419 - about the centuries-old differences between the Dukes of Bar and To end Lorraine - mediated the marriage to Isabella of Lorraine, the heir to the Duke Charles II , and in this context transferred the Duchy of Bar (Treaty of Saint-Mihiel of August 13, 1419). Ludwig died in 1430, and with the death of Robert von Marle's only daughter Johanna in 1462, the family went out completely; the counties of Marle and Soissons went to Johanna's children and thus to the House of Luxemburg-Ligny .

Tribe list

The first generations

  1. Richwin (Ricuin), count in the Scarponnois ; ⚭ Hildegard von Egisheim, daughter of Hugo VI., Graf im Nordgau ( Etichonen )
    1. Ludwig von Mousson , attested in 1042/71; † 1073/76, in Mousson , 1042 "castellanus" in Mömpelgard , Altkirch and Pfirt , Graf; ⚭ 1038 Sophia; † January 21, 1093, as a widow Countess von Mousson, in Amance , Bar and Saargemünd , Vögtin von Saint-Mihiel , daughter of Friedrich II. , Duke of Upper Lorraine , Count von Bar ( Wigeriche )
      1. Bruno; † young
      2. Dietrich I. , 1057 attests; † February 2, 1102/1105, count in Altkirch and Pfirt, 1093 count in Bar, 1093 founder of Walbourg , around 1100 founder of Biblisheim , buried in the cathedral of Autun ; ⚭ around 1065 Ermentrude of Burgundy; † after July 3, 1105, heiress of Mömpelgard , daughter of Wilhelm I , Count of Burgundy ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea )
        1. Friedrich I. , attested in 1105; † August 19, probably 1160, 1125 Count von Pfirt, buried in the Oelenberg Abbey ; ⚭ I before 1101 Petrissa von Zähringen; † probably 1115, daughter of Berthold II , Duke of Zähringen ; ⚭ II Stephanie of Vaudémont; † December 4, 1160/88, daughter of Gerhard I , Count of Vaudémont ( House of Châtenois ) - for descendants see below
        2. Ludwig; † murdered 1105/06 in Mömpelgard, takes the cross in 1095
        3. Rainald I .; † March 10, 1149, Count von Bar and Mousson, Vogt of Saint-Pierremont , took the cross in 1097, ⚭ I at 1110 NN; † before 1120; ⚭ II around 1120 Gisela von Vaudémont; † December 26 after 1141, daughter of Gerhard I , Count of Vaudémont ( House of Châtenois ) - for descendants see below
        4. Dietrich II .; † January 1163, 1125 Count von Mömpelgard, founder of the Belchamp and Lieucroissant monasteries ; ⚭ NN
          1. Dietrich III .; † before 1160, Count von Mömpelgard 1145/55; ⚭ Gertrud von Habsburg; † January 15, 1132–1134, daughter of Werner II. , Count in Upper Rhine ( Habsburg )
          2. Sophie; † April 1148; ⚭ 1124/30 Richard II. De Montfaucon, founds Lützel Abbey and La Grâce-Dieu (Franche-Comté) ; † 1162 ( House Montfaucon )
          3. Stephanie; † after December 4, 1160; ⚭ before 1131 Count Folmar von Saar Werden 1131/65
          4. Ermentrude; † before 1171; Eudes, Comte de La Roche-en-Montagne 1130/80; † 1181
        5. Stephan , attested in 1106; † December 30, 1162, 1107 primicerius in Toul, 1120 Bishop of Metz and cardinal , buried in the cathedral of Metz
        6. Wilhelm; † after February 8, 1105
        7. Hugo; † after February 8, 1105
        8. Gunthilde; † February 21, 1131, first abbess of Biblisheim
        9. Agnes, attested 1135/47, 1140 founder of the Haute-Seille monastery ; ⚭ Hermann I, Count von Salm , attested in 1095/1135; † before 1138 ( Salm House )
        10. Daughter (probably Mathilde); † before 1125; ⚭ Adalbert Graf von Mörsberg , testified in 1098/1124; † before 1125 ( House Nellenburg )
      3. Ludwig, attested in 1080
      4. Friedrich, attested in 1065; † June 29, 1092, 1073 Count, Lord of Lützelburg , Margrave of Susa ; ⚭ Agnes of Maurienne; † after 1110, daughter of Peter I , Count of Savoy ( House of Savoy )
        1. Peter; † before 1133, Lord of Lützelburg, Margrave of Susa 1106/26; ⚭ I NN; ⚭ II Ita, 1125/43 attested
          1. (I) Heinrich, attested in 1119; † 1143
          2. (II) Reinald, Count of Lützelburg 1117; † 1150
        2. Bruno, 1116/19 cathedral dean in Strasbourg
      5. Sophie; ⚭ Volmar, Count von Froburg , attested in 1050/78
      6. Beatrice; † October 26, 1092, buried in Toul ; ⚭ (marriage contract 1056) Berthold I , Duke of Zähringen , 1061/77 Duke of Carinthia , Count im Breisgau ; † 5th / 6th November 1078, buried in Hirsau Monastery
      7. Mechtild; † 1092/1105; ⚭ Hugo VIII, Count von Dagsburg 1074; † murdered September 5, 1089 ( Etichonen )

The Counts of Pfirt (extract)

  1. Friedrich I., attested in 1105; † August 19, probably 1160, 1125 Count von Pfirt, buried in the Oelenberg Abbey ; ⚭ 1 before 1101 Petrissa von Zähringen; † probably 1115, daughter of Berthold II , Duke of Zähringen ( Zähringer ); ⚭ II Stephanie of Vaudémont; † December 4, 1160/88, daughter of Gerhard I , Count of Vaudémont ( House of Châtenois ) - ancestors see above
    1. (II) Ludwig I., attested in 1144; † 1180, 1161 Count von Pfirt, Vogt von Lüders ( Lure (Haute-Saône) ; ⚭ Richenza von Habsburg, attested in 1168/80; † December 1180, daughter of Werner II. , Count in Upper Rhine ( Habsburg )
      1. Ulrich I .; † murdered September 27, 1197, Count von Pfirt in 1194, Seigneur de Vadans in 1160
      2. Ludwig II .; † 1189 on the crusade, Count von Pfirt, Seigneur de Vadans 1187/88
        1. Friedrich II .; † January 25, 1234, 1194 Count von Pfirt; ⚭ I NN von Egisheim , founder of Valdieu Abbey ; ⚭ II Heilwig von Urach, daughter of Egino IV , Count von Urach , attested in 1215/62
          1. (I) Alix; † before 1268, Dame de Belfort ; ⚭ Dietrich III., Count von Mömpelgard ; † 1283 ( House Montfaucon )
          2. (I) Agnes, 1227/71 testifies; † before July 1272, wife of Münsterol ( Montreux-Château ); ⚭ before 1227 Friedrich V, Count of Toul , attested in 1194/1248; † before 1250 ( Châtenois House )
          3. (I or II) Ulrich II .; † February 1, 1275, 1216 governor in Alsace , 1227 Count von Pfirt, 1256 Lord von Blumenberg ( Florimont )
            1. (I) Friedrich, attested in 1232/67, Lord of Rougemont-le-Château (Rothenberg)
            2. (I) Agnes; † before 1249; ⚭ Wilhelm, Count of Vienne ; † 1255 ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea )
            3. (II) Theobald; † 1310/11, 1271 Count von Pfirt, 1292/97 governor in Alsace ,
              1. Ulrich III .; † March 11, 1324, 1311 Count von Pfirt; ⚭ I Johanne von Mömpelgard; † 1347/49, daughter of Reinald von Burgund, Count von Mömpelgard ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea )
                1. Johanna ; † January 15, 1352; 1324 Countess von Pfirt, ⚭ 1324 Albrecht II , Duke of Austria , 1324 Count von Pfirt; † 1358 ( Habsburg )
                2. Ursula; † May 5 after 1367, 1347-1350 Dame de Belfort ; ⚭ I Hugo I Graf von Hohenberg ; † May 26, 1354 (family list of the House of Hohenberg ); ⚭ II Wilhelm II. Count of Montfort in Bregenz ; † 1373/74 ( Montfort (noble family) )
              2. (I) Fine (Sophie); † March 25, 1344; ⚭ Ulrich III. , Count of Württemberg ; † July 11, 1344 ( House of Württemberg )
            4. (II) Stephanie; † September 23, 1276; ⚭ Konrad Werner III. von Hattstatt , 1274/80 governor in Alsace ; † probably 1324
            5. (II) Ludwig, attested in 1259/62, lord of Florimont; ⚭ Gertrud, attested in 1262/81, daughter of Ulrich II von Rappoltstein
          4. Ludwig III. the grump; † 1236, Count von Pfirt,
          5. Berthold ; † December 10, 1262, 1243/49 Provost of Moutier-Grandval , 1248 Coadjutor and 1248 Bishop of Basel
          6. Adalbert, attested 1235/51, 1241 Vogt von Masmünster ; ⚭ NN de Chalon, daughter of John the Wise , Count of Burgundy , Lord of Salins ( House Chalon )

The Counts of Bar (excerpt)

  1. Rainald I .; † March 10, 1149, Count von Bar and Mousson, Vogt of Saint-Pierremont , took the cross in 1097, ⚭ I at 1110 NN; † before 1120; ⚭ II around 1120 Gisela von Vaudémont; † December 26th after 1141, daughter of Gerhard I , Count of Vaudémont ( House of Châtenois ) - ancestors see above
    1. (II) Rainald II. , 1135/70 attested; † November 25, 1170, 1149 Count of Bar and Mousson; ⚭ 1155 Agnès de Blois, Dame de Ligny-en-Barrois ; † August 7, 1207, daughter of Theobald II , Count of Blois and Troyes ( House Blois )
      1. Jakob, called Heinrich I .; † October 14 or 19, 1190 during the siege of Acre , Count von Bar and Mousson in 1174
      2. Johann, called Theobald I .; † 12/13. February 1214, in Briey , Stenay and Longwy , 1190 Count von Bar and Mousson, 1198 Count of Luxembourg (uxor nomine); ⚭ I around 1170 Laurette von Loon, heiress to Longwy; † before 1184, daughter of Ludwig I, Count of Loon and Rieneck , city count of Mainz; ⚭ II about 1189, divorced about 1195, Ermesinde de Bar-sur-Seine, daughter of Guy , Count of Bar-sur-Seine ( House of Brienne ); ⚭ III 1197 Ermesinde , Countess of Luxembourg; † February 17, 1247, daughter of Heinrich the Blind , Count of Luxembourg and Namur ( House of Namur )
        1. (I) Agnes (Tomasia); † 1226; ⚭ Frederick II , Duke of Lorraine ; † 1213 ( Châtenois House )
        2. (II) Henry II ; † 1239, 1210 Count of Bar; ⚭ Philippa von Dreux; † 1242, daughter of Robert II , Count von Dreux ( House of France-Dreux )
          1. Theobald II ; † 1291, 1240 Count of Bar; ⚭ I Jeanne de Dampierre, daughter of Guillaume II, Seigneur de Dampierre-sur-Aube ; ⚭ II Jeanne de Toucy, heir to Jean, Sire de Toucy , de Saint-Fargeau et de Puisaye
            1. Henry III. ; † 1302, 1291 Count of Bar; ⚭ Eleanor of England ; † 1297, daughter of Edward I , King of England ( Anjou-Plantagenet )
              1. Eduard I .; † 1336, 1302 Count of Bar; ⚭ Marie of Burgundy; † after 1323, daughter of Robert II , Duke of Burgundy ( Elder House of Burgundy )
                1. Henry IV ; † 1344, 1337 Count of Bar; ⚭ Yolande of Flanders ; † 1395, daughter of Robert , Comte de Marle ( House Dampierre ) - for descendants see below
                2. Aliénor; † 1333; ⚭ Rudolf , Duke of Lorraine , X 1346 ( House of Châtenois )
              2. Johanna; † 1361; ⚭ John de Warenne, 8th Earl of Surrey ; † 1347 ( Anjou-Plantagenet )
            2. Jean; † 1311/14, Seigneur de Puisaye ; ⚭ Jeanne de Dreux, 1323 Comtesse de Braine ; † 1325, daughter of Robert IV , Count von Dreux ( House of France-Dreux )
            3. Rainald ; † 1316, 1302 Bishop of Metz
            4. Theobald ; † 1312, 1302 Bishop of Liège
            5. Érard; † 1335, 1302 Seigneur de Pierrepont et d ' Ancerville ; ⚭ Isabella of Lorraine; † 1353, daughter of Theobald II , Duke of Lorraine ( House of Châtenois ) - descendants † after 1411
            6. Pierre I .; † 1348/49, 1302 Seigneur de Pierrefort - descendants † 1380
            7. Philippa, 1272/83 attested; ⚭ Otto IV. , Count of Burgundy ; † 1302 (family list of the House of Burgundy-Ivrea )
          2. Reinald; † 1271
          3. Johanna; † before 1299; ⚭ I Friedrich von Salm, Lord von Blamont ; † before 1257; ⚭ II Ludwig V of Loon, Count of Chiny ; † 1299 ( Loon House )
          4. Margarete, Dame de Ligny-en-Barrois ; † 1273; ⚭ Heinrich the Blonde , Count of Luxembourg; † 1281 ( House Limburg-Arlon )
        3. (II) Agnes; † before 1225; ⚭ Hugo I of Châtillon , Count of Saint-Pol ; † 1248 ( Châtillon House )
        4. (III) Elizabeth; † 1262; ⚭ Walram V. the Tall One of Limburg , Lord of Monschau ; † 1242
        5. (III) Margareta; † before 1270; ⚭ I Hugo III. Count of Vaudémont ; † 1243 ( House of Châtenois ); ⚭ II Henri de Dampierre-en-Astenois ; † 1259
      3. Rainald ; † 1217, Thesaurarius of Saint-Martin de Tours , 1183 Bishop of Chartres
    2. Lockpick; † 1171, 1163 Bishop of Metz
    3. Agnes; † after 1185; ⚭ Albert Count of Chiny ; † 1162 ( house Chiny )
    4. Clementia; † after 1183; ⚭ I Rainald II , Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis ; † before 1162 ( House of Clermont ); ⚭ II Thibaut II. De Crépy; † before 1183
    5. Mathilde; ⚭ Conrad I. Wildgraf and Count von Kyrburg in Schmidtburg , 1128/70 attested

The Dukes of Bar (excerpt)

  1. Henry IV ; † 1344, 1337 Count of Bar; ⚭ Yolande of Flanders ; † 1395, daughter of Robert , Comte de Marle ( House Dampierre ) - ancestors see above
    1. Edward II ; † 1352, 1349 Count von Bar
    2. Robert I .; † 1411, 1352 Count of Bar, 1354 Margrave of Pont-à-Mousson , 1354 Duke of Bar; ⚭ Marie of France; † 1404, daughter of John II , King of France ( list of the Valois family )
      1. Jolande ; † 1431; ⚭ 1384 King John I of Aragon ; † 1395 ( House of Barcelona )
      2. Heinrich ; † 1397, Lord of Oisy ; ⚭ Marie de Coucy, Comtesse de Soissons ; † after 1405, daughter of Enguerrand VII. De Coucy, 1st Earl of Bedford , Comte de Soissons ( House of Gent )
        1. Robert , X 1415 at the Battle of Azincourt , 1413 Comte de Marle, Comte de Soissons, grand cupbearer of France ; ⚭ Jeanne de Béthune, 1406 Viscountess de Meaux ; † 1459, heir daughter of Robert VIII ( House of Béthune )
          1. Jeanne ; † 1462, Comtesse de Marle et de Soissons; ⚭ Louis I de Luxembourg , Count of Saint-Pol etc., Connétable of France ; † executed in 1475 (House Luxemburg-Ligny )
      3. Philipp; † after 1404 in Turkish captivity after the battle of Nicopolis in 1396; ⚭ Yolande d'Enghien, Comtesse de Brienne , daughter of Louis, Count of Conversano and Brienne ( House of Enghien )
      4. Charles; † 1392, Lord of Nogent-le-Rotrou
      5. Marie; ⚭ 1384 Wilhelm II , Margrave of Namur ; † 1418 ( Dampierre house )
      6. Edward III. , X 1415 at the Battle of Azincourt , 1398 Margrave of Pont-à-Mousson, 1401 Duke of Bar
      7. Ludwig ; † 1430, Bishop of Poitiers , Bishop of Langres , Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina , Bishop of Châlons , Administrator of Verdun , Cardinal , 1415–1419 Duke of Bar
      8. Jolande the younger; † 1421; ⚭ Adolf , Count von Berg , Count von Ravensberg , 1423 Duke of Jülich ; † 1437
      9. Johann; † 1415 at the Battle of Azincourt , Lord of Puisaye
      10. Bona; † 1400; ⚭ Walram III. from Luxembourg ; † 1415, Count of Ligny and Saint-Pol (House Luxemburg-Ligny )
      11. Johanna; † 1402; ⚭ 1393 Theodor II Paleologus , Margrave of Montferrat ; † 1418 ( palaeologists )

literature

  • Detlev Schwennicke : European family tables . Family tables on the history of the European states. New series, volumes 1, 2: Přemyslids, Ascanians, Dukes of Lorraine, the houses of Hesse, Württemberg and Zähringen. Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 1999, ISBN 3-465-03020-6 , plates 226-228.