Dagsburg county

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Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806) .svg
Territory in the Holy Roman Empire
Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hardenburg-Apremont
coat of arms
Dabo coat of arms Family coat of arms of the younger line of Leiningen according to GHdA
map
Duchy of Lorraine 1250.PNG
Alternative names Comté de Dabo; Leiningen-Dagsburg
Form of rule county
Ruler / government Count
Today's region / s FR-57 , FR-67
Parliament Kuriatstimme , counts and lords, imperial princes in the Wetterau Counts College from 1779
Reich register Ross 3 feet 9 or 36 guilders (1521) (for all territories on the Leiningen-Dagsburg line)
Reichskreis Upper Rhine district
Capitals / residences Dabo - Eguisheim - Hardenburg - Dürkheim
Dynasties up to 1241 etichons ; from 1241 Leiningen-Dagsburg ; from 1467 Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hardenburg
Denomination / Religions Roman Catholic , a few Amish , Mennonites
Language / n Rhine Franconian , Upper Rhine Manish , German , French
surface 16,000 ha
Residents approx. 600 (1764)
Incorporated into France , 1793


The county of Dagsburg in what is now Lorraine with the capital of the same name, which is now called Dabo after the Vogesian pronunciation , existed in the 11th and 12th centuries when the area was still part of Alsace .

Boundaries and origin of the county of Dagsburg

In the early Middle Ages the area belonged to the Upper Saargau . The Dagsburg counts were also counts of the Alsatian northern Gau . Then the Counts of Dagsburg became fiefs of parts of the Metz and Liège clergy. In this way, as fief recipients, they were able to expand their sovereign territory and home territory to the north. During the succession conflicts in the 13th century, the Metz conquered their land back. Up to the beginning of the 13th century, the county of Dagsburg was larger than after the transfer of ownership to the Leininger . The succession of Albert II. Of Dabo, husband of Gertrude of Baden , brought conflicts between all the heirs with him, among others, with bathing and with the princely bishops of Metz and Liege .

The county under the Etichones

Dagsburg after Matthäus Merian , in Topographia Alsatiae

The ancestral castle in Dabo, the older Dagsburg , came to the Etichonen shortly before the year 1000 through the marriage of Hugo VI, Count in Nordgau and Count zu Egisheim , with Heilwig von Dagsburg († 1046), and another in Upper Alsace around 1150 Dagsburg built. The family, whose male representatives now carried the title of Count von Dagsburg and Count von Egisheim (the County of Metz was added later), included numerous estates on the upper Saar , Moha, today Wanze , and Waleffe as well as the bailiwick over the Diocese of Metz . The Etichones died out in 1225.

Gertrud von Dagsburg, the last member of the family, left eleven castles (including Girbaden ) and the bailiwick of nine monasteries. The property around Dagsburg fell to the Leininger family in 1241 . Co-heirs were the Zähringer , who temporarily left their rights to the Bishop of Strasbourg , with whom, however, the rest of the country was disputed. On the other hand, the Bishop of Metz Dagsburg moved in as a reverted fiefdom , Moha and Waleffe went to the Bishop of Liège .

List of the Counts of Dagsburg

  • Hugo VI., Count im Nordgau and Count zu Egisheim, around 1000 ∞ Heilwig von Dagsburg
  • Hugo VII, Count of Dagsburg; † 1046/49, son of Hugos VI.
  • Heinrich I, Count of Egisheim and Dagsburg; † probably 1065, son of Hugos VII.
  • Hugo VIII von Egisheim, 1074 Count von Dagsburg; † 1089, son of Heinrich I.
  • Albert I. von Egisheim, 1089 Count von Dagsburg; † 1098, brother of Hugos VIII.
  • Hugo IX., Count von Dagsburg in 1103, attested in 1130/37, son of Albert I.
  • Hugo X., attested in 1137/78, Count of Dagsburg and Metz, son of Hugos IX.
  • Albert II, 1175 Count of Dagsburg; † 1212, son of Hugos X. ∞ Gertrud von Baden
    • Gertrud; † 1225, daughter of Albert II, ∞
      • (I) 1215 Theobald I , 1213 Duke of Lorraine, 1216 Count of Dagsburg and Metz; † 1217
      • (II) 1217 Theobald IV of Champagne , King of Navarre, divorced before 1223
      • (III) 1224 Simon von Leiningen , 1234 Count von Dagsburg; † 1234/36 - offspring

The county under Leiningen-Dagsburg

Friedrich III. von Leiningen acquired the county of Dagsburg in 1241 and thus became Count of Leiningen-Dagsburg. In 1317 it came under the grandchildren of Frederick III. to be divided into the two lines Leiningen-Dagsburg and Leiningen-Hardenburg. The older line of Dagsburg died out in 1467. The ancestral seat of the older Dagsburg line fell to the Leiningen-Hardenburg line , which then assumed the name Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hardenburg, called Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hardenburg-Apremont in the Worms register of 1521 . The younger Leiningen-Dagsburg family that emerged from the Leiningen-Hardenburg line should therefore not be confused with the older Dagsburg line. In 1466 the Hardenburg line acquired the rule of Apremont in Lorraine .

In order to attract new settlers to this remote, poor area, the counts granted the residents privileges in the ordinance of June 16, 1603, which were intended to induce the newcomers to stay in the northern Donon massif despite precarious living conditions and relative isolation. In 1606, for example, the Count had French Lorraine residents and some colonists from Auvergne come to the Romansh-speaking part of the county ( Abreschviller , Hesse , Voyer ), while German-speaking settlers were able to settle in the central and eastern part of the country ( Dabo , Walscheid , Oberstieg ) .

On October 24, 1648, Alsace was ceded to the French Kingdom in the Peace of Westphalia . The Counts of Leiningen-Dagsburg (in French Linange-Dabo) refused to pay homage to King Louis XIV and consequently fought against his reunification policy . The clashes began in 1672 and ended with the surrender of the Dagsburg on March 13, 1677. Under the occupation of the French troops, the castle on its steep red sandstone cliff was dismantled stone by stone by the local population on the orders of War Minister de Louvois . In spite of all this, the counts retained tax and corporation law as well as the right to hunt and fish. In place of the castle there is now a later built chapel dedicated to Pope Leo IX from Lorraine and Alsace . from the ancestral family of Egisheim-Dabo is dedicated.

The peace of Rijswijk in 1697 brought the heavily forested, sparsely populated and impoverished county back to Leiningen-Dagsburg. But when most of Alsace was ceded to France, this imperial territory became an enclave between two more powerful states that could not tolerate its continued existence for very long. In the east was the French kingdom, in the west and south there was the again independent Duchy of Lorraine . In the north, Louis XIV had annexed a narrow strip of land from the ducal Lorraine, the so-called Alsace road , in order to be able to cross the Lorraine territory unhindered and continuously on French territory. Not far from Dagsburg County in the south, across the Col du Donon, was another imperial territory enclosed between Lorraine and France, the county, later the Principality of Salm-Salm . The counts never lived in Dabo, but in their residence in the Palatinate . In Dabo they were inspired by a Vogt represented.

In 1793, the Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hardenburgers, who were elevated to imperial princes in 1779 and owned in republican France, were among those rulers who were expropriated and de facto disempowered by the National Convention in order to create a unified country without enclaves and special rights. The former county of Dagsburg and the dominion of Rixingen were attached to the department of Meurthe with prefecture in Nancy and came in 1871 to the district of Lorraine , today's department of Moselle . The eastern part of the county in the upper Mossig Valley around the villages of Engenthal and Oberstieg was connected to the Bas-Rhin department , so that the once unified Dagsburger Land is now administratively divided between two different regions and departments (on the Sandplatzpass and on the Valsberger Pass ). As compensation for these territorial losses, the princes of Leiningen received from Napoleon in the Treaty of Lunéville (February 9, 1801) monasteries Amorbach , Miltenberg and Mosbach monastery . The former county of Egisheim-Dagsburg was never to belong to the Principality of Leiningen , which was founded in 1803 by means of an imperial conclusion .

The county of Dagsburg brought German-speaking and Rhine-Franconian parts of the population into the French republic, thus also the history of the German Empire, which was completely forgotten within a century due to revolutionary politics. In contrast, the former count's territory is one of the few regions in Eastern Lorraine that still use the Rhine-Franconian dialect today.

  • Castle in Eguisheim (Alsace)

  • Hardenburg near Bad Dürkheim around 1580

  • Hardenburg ruins

  • In 1508 attached to the castle church Bad Dürkheim: burial chapel on the Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hardenburg line

literature

  • Dugas de Beaulieu: Le comté de Dagsbourg, aujourd'hui Dabo, archeology et histoire . Ed .: Société des antiquaires de France . 2nd Edition. Paris 1858 (French).
  • Gustave Huffel: Le Comté de Dabo dans les Basses-Vosges, ses forêts, ses droits d'usage forestiers . Étude historique, forestière et juridique. Ed .: Société d'impression typographique. Nancy 1924 (French).
  • Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 .
  • Detlev Schwennicke: European family tables . Volume I.2, plate 200 B, 1999.
  • Revue d'Alsace . No. 10 . Colmar 1839, p. 121-130 (French).

Web links

Wikisource: Reichsmatrikel 1521  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "Da" for Dags and "bo" for Burg , like Sabo for Saarburg / Sarrebourg or Strabo for Strasbourg / Strasbourg.