Hardenburg
| Hardenburg | ||
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 The Hardenburg from a bird's eye view |
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| Creation time : | 1205/1214 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Ruin, partly renovated | |
| Standing position : | Count | |
| Place: | Bad Dürkheim-Hardenburg | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 27 '44 " N , 8 ° 7' 18.1" E | |
| Height: | 200.4 m above sea level NHN | |
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The Hardenburg is the ruin of a hilltop castle on the eastern edge of the Palatinate Forest near the Rhineland-Palatinate district town of Bad Dürkheim . It is one of the most powerful castles in the Palatinate .
geography
location
The Hardenburg lies at a height of 200.4 m above the western district of the same name, Bad Dürkheim-Hardenburg, on a 200 m long mountain nose to the right above the Isenach valley , whose opening to the Rhine plain it previously controlled. The approach is via the federal highway 37 (Bad Dürkheim– Kaiserslautern ) and is signposted.
Surroundings
Hardenburg shares many parts of history with Limburg Abbey, which is just under 2 km to the east . Opposite, above the left bank of the Isenach, there are still much older evidence of the region's past, e.g. B. the Celtic ring wall Heidenmauer or the Roman quarry Kriemhildenstuhl .
history
At the latest in the period between 1205 and 1214, the Hardenburg was built by the Counts of Leiningen , who had their ancestral castle Altleiningen 10 km further north. For this purpose they illegally appropriated land that belonged to the Limburg monastery. Count Friedrich II von Leiningen is considered the founder . In 1237 the castle went to his son Count Friedrich III during a first division of the linings . In 1317, the Leiningen-Hardenburg line was created under Count Jofried during a further division of the estate . During the inheritance dispute after his death, the Leiningen-Rixingen line split off in 1345 .
After the imperial ban was imposed on Count Emich IX. in 1512 the Hardenburg was besieged by the Elector of the Palatinate , Ludwig V. The Leininger handed over the castle before it was damaged and got it back in 1519. At the end of the 15th and beginning of the 16th century, the castle was expanded and fortified even more against enemy gunfire. So it offered refuge to the population of the surrounding places even during the Thirty Years' War .
From 1560 to 1725, the Hardenburg was the headquarters of the Leininger family and was expanded into a residential palace during this period. It survived the Palatine War of Succession (1688–1697), in which troops of the French "Sun King" Louis XIV under General Mélac devastated the Palatinate on the left bank of the Rhine, but only destroyed the fortifications of Hardenburg in 1692. In 1725 the Counts of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hardenburg moved their residence to the nearby Dürkheim Castle . In 1794, the residential buildings of Hardenburg were set on fire by French revolutionary troops , and the valuable interior was destroyed. Gradually the castle deteriorated into ruins. The Dürkheim Castle also went up in flames.
In 1801 all areas of Germany on the left bank of the Rhine fell to France, which is why Prince Carl zu Leiningen was compensated by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803 with former Kurmainzer and Würzburg possessions in the Odenwald and now briefly ruled the new Principality of Leiningen with its seat in the former Amorbach Abbey , which is still owned by the Princely house is. In the Palatinate Forest, in addition to the Hardenburg (and the medieval possession of Burg Landeck located further south ), the remains of the former hunting lodges Kehrdichannasst , Murrmirnichtviel and Schaudichnichtum remind of the former rule.
investment
The castle complex has a footprint of 180 × 90 m. Huge gun turrets, especially the imposing west bulwark with its almost 7 m thick walls on the ground floor, which protected the complex from the slope, prevented military conquest and destruction for centuries. After the devastation by French revolutionary troops in 1794, only remnants of the once lavishly furnished living rooms - stair towers , windows, elegant portals - have survived. In contrast, the huge cellars with their wide ribbed vaults , which were built in 1509, have survived to this day.
Todays use
Hardenburg has been publicly owned since 1820, at the beginning of the Kingdom of Bavaria , now the State of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is used culturally and - except in December and on the first working day of the month - can be visited daily, but without a guided tour. Every late summer a medieval market opens its doors in the ruins . The occasional music events in the old walls are also praised as very atmospheric, such as the alternative rock festival Rock die Burg , which has been held there every year on the first weekend in September since 2004 and is currently taking place on a sports field behind the Hardenburg.
Between 2008 and 2012, renovation work worth 6.5 million euros was carried out. This was financed by the state of Rhineland-Palatinate and the European Fund for Regional Development . The Torrondell was provided with an intermediate ceiling and an end ceiling weighing 200 tons. There is now a visitor center with archaeological finds, film presentations and multimedia tours. Other rooms are used by the administration of the State Office for castles, palaces, antiquities and as a sanitary wing.
There is a viewing platform on the west bulwark , from which there is a very good view of the castle complex and the Isenach valley up to the Limburg monastery ruins.
gallery
Aerial view
Castle from the northeast
Castle from the east
Courtyard
Burggarten
Standard of the Counts of Leiningen
literature
- Jürgen Keddigkeit , Alexander Thon, Michael Losse: Hardenburg . In: Jürgen Keddigkeit, Alexander Thon, Rolf Übel (eds.): Palatinate Castle Lexicon (= contributions to Palatinate history ). tape 12 .2, F − H, 2002, ISBN 3-927754-48-X , ISSN 0936-7640 , p. 280-294 .
- Jürgen Keddigkeit, Alexander Thon, Michael Losse: Hardenburg castle ruins near Bad Dürkheim . Castles, palaces, antiquities Rhineland-Palatinate. Issue 3. Verlag Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2003, ISBN 3-7954-1516-0 .
- Alexander Thon (Ed.): "Like swallows' nests glued to the rocks ..." Castles in the North Palatinate. 1st edition. Verlag Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2005, ISBN 3-7954-1674-4 , p. 60-67 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Map service of the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate nature conservation administration (LANIS map) ( notes )
- ^ Sigrid Ladwig: Oysters for the counts . In: The Rheinpfalz , your weekend . Ludwigshafen September 1, 2012.
Train station | Castle Schlosseck | Castle Church | Drachenfels | Dürkheim House | Flag tower | Forsthaus Jägerthal | Graduation tower | Hardenburg | Pagan wall | Weilach farm ruins | Limburg Monastery | Seebach Monastery Church | Kriemhildenstuhl | Kurhaus | Lambert's Cross | Laurahütte | Ludwig Church | Kehrdichannasst Castle | Murrmirnichtviel Castle | Schaudichnichtum Castle | Castle Church | Vigilio Tower | Villa Denis | Villa rustica Weilberg
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