Rudolf (Lorraine)
Rudolf , called Raoul le Vaillant in France (* 1320 ; † August 26, 1346 in the Battle of Crécy ), was Duke of Lorraine from 1329 to 1346. He was the son of Duke Friedrich (Ferry) IV. And Elisabeth of Austria .
biography
At the death of his father he was nine years old, so that he was under the reign of his mother for the first few years as duke until 1334, including from 1329 to 1331. While still alive, on July 3, 1323, his father had signed a marriage contract with Eduard I. Graf von Bar for his son and his daughter Alienor, which led to the marriage on June 25, 1329, two months after the death of Frederick IV . As expected, the child marriage was still without descendants when Alienor died in 1333.
When Rudolf's father-in-law also died in 1336, Heinrich IV von Bar Rudolf refused the feudal oath for some of his lordships, whereupon Rudolf devastated the area around Pont-à-Mousson , Heinrich's property, in 1337 . In return, Heinrich plundered the west of the duchy, whereupon Rudolf attacked the Barrois . It required the intervention of the French King Philip VI. to end the war.
After a marriage contract from May 1334, Rudolf married Marie de Châtillon, known as Marie de Blois , a daughter of Guy I de Châtillon , Count of Blois and Dunois , with which he further strengthened Lorraine's ties to the French royal family. In the following years Rudolf intervened in favor of the French king in his fight against Edward III. of England when he sent troops to Philip VI. to help lift the siege of Tournai .
He used a truce between the two kings to protect Alfonso XI. of Castile in his fight against the Emirate of Granada , in which he distinguished himself especially at the Battle of Gibraltar on November 3, 1340. After his return to France, he stood by his brother-in-law Karl von Blois in the War of the Breton Succession . He finally fell on August 26, 1346 at the Battle of Crécy .
His widow Marie de Blois took over the reign of the duchy.
progeny
The following children were born from his second marriage to Marie de Blois :
- Twin daughters who both died before July 31, 1343
- Johann I , Duke of Lorraine, * 1346, † 1390; ∞ Sophie von Württemberg, † 1369, daughter of Eberhard II the Greiner , Count of Württemberg ( House of Württemberg )
literature
- Henry Bogdan: La Lorraine des ducs. Sept siècles d'histoire. Perrin, Paris 2005, ISBN 2-262-02113-9 .
- Detlev Schwennicke : European family tables . New series Volume 1, 2: Přemyslids, Ascanians, Dukes of Lorraine, the houses of Hesse, Württemberg and Zähringen. Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 1999, ISBN 3-465-03020-6 , plate 205.
Web links
See also
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Friedrich IV. |
Duke of Lorraine 1329–1346 |
Johann I. |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Rudolf |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Raoul le Vaillant |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Duke of Upper Lorraine |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1320 |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 26, 1346 |
| Place of death | Battle of Crecy |