Bar-le-Duc

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Bar-le-Duc
Coat of arms of Bar-le-Duc
Bar-le-Duc (France)
Bar-le-Duc
region Grand Est
Department Meuse ( prefecture )
Arrondissement Bar-le-Duc
Canton Bar-le-Duc-1 (main town)
Bar-le-Duc-2 (main town)
Community association Bar-le-Duc Sud Meuse
Coordinates 48 ° 46 '  N , 5 ° 10'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 46 '  N , 5 ° 10'  E
height 175–327 m
surface 23.62 km 2
Residents 14,985 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 634 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 55000
INSEE code 55029
Website http://www.barleduc.fr/

The Ornain in Bar-le-Duc

Template: Infobox municipality in France / maintenance / different coat of arms in Wikidata

Bar-le-Duc is a town in north-eastern France with 14,985 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Meuse department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Lorraine ).

geography

The city extends over an area of ​​23.62 square kilometers, lies within a narrow valley and is surrounded by forests and vineyards. It is located on the Ornain , over which numerous bridges lead. It is located on the railway line to Paris and is also accessed by the Canal de la Marne au Rhin (German: "Rhine-Marne Canal"), which enables a navigable connection from the Paris area to the Rhine using other canals .

history

The origin of the city goes back to a Gallo-Roman settlement. In the Merovingian period a "Burgum Barri" was called as the main place of the pagus Barrensis . In 954 Bar was the seat of the Count of Bar and belonged to the Holy Roman Empire . In 1243 Bar-le-Duc received city rights.

Voie Sacrée , memorial stone

1301 Count of Bar had its west of the Maas lying possessions to the French king, who was standing on the side of his opponents to feud apply; these parts of the county were then called Barrois mouvant ( mouvant du roi de France = feudal touch from the King of France). In 1354 the county of Bar was raised to a duchy . The Duchy of Bar fell to the Duchy of Lorraine in 1485 and to France in 1766 .

A historical view of the city of Bar-le-Duc comes from Matthäus Merian the Elder.

After the French Revolution (1789–1799), the city became the capital of the Meuse department and was called Bar-sur-Ornain from 1792 to 1815 .

During the First World War (1914-1918) the road from Bar-le-Duc to Verdun was of great importance for the French army. In 1916 it was the only remaining connection to Verdun during the Battle of Verdun. All supplies went through this street. It has since been referred to as the Voie Sacrée .

Population development

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2007 2014
Residents 18,346 19,159 19,288 18,471 17,545 16,944 16.002 15,668

Town twinning

The city of Bar-le-Duc maintains city partnerships with the German cities of Wilkau-Haßlau , south of Zwickau in Saxony, and with Griesheim , near Darmstadt. There is also a partnership with the Hungarian city ​​of Gyönk .

Attractions

Grave sculpture of Renatus of Orange-Nassau in the Saint-Etienne church

The city is a testament to the Renaissance architecture. It contains two historically interesting parts: the lower town on the Ornain river and the upper town on the mountainside. In the lower town, the Notre-Dame church from the 12th century, the Notre-Dame bridge and the building of the Collège Gille de Trêves (1571) are worth seeing .

Many stone houses from the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries have been preserved in the upper town. The castle of the Dukes of Bar was largely demolished in 1670 . The area is now a large square, decorated with flower beds, trees and benches. Right next to it is the museum ( Musée Barrois ) in a building from the 16th century. The church of Saint-Étienne (15th century) contains the famous statue by the sculptor Ligier Richier (approx. 1500–1567) called Le Transi or the skeleton . A Transi , like a Gisant, is a lying grave sculpture. In contrast to the Gisant, the deceased is shown in a state of decay.

More Attractions:

  • Parish church of Saint-Antoine , built as a monastery church, 14th century
  • Town hall, erected as a representative residential building, classicistic, 1803/1813
  • Marbeaumont Castle , built as a representative residential building of a banker, eclectic, 1903/04
clock tower

Culinary specialties

  • La Duchesse , transparent currant jam, whose berries are seeded with a goose quill as caviar bar called
  • Le Ducale and Le Renaissance , chocolate specialties
  • Currant and rhubarb wines
  • Beers from microbreweries

Personalities

Rémy-Isidore Exelmans 1852

literature

Web links

Commons : Bar-le-Duc  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Barleduc in the Topographia Palatinatus Rheni (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Guides Gallimard (ed.): Lorraine . Gallimard, Paris 2002, ISBN 978-2-7424-0908-2 , pp. 66 . (French)